Risk aversion

Humidity: Ubushuhe nubushuhe bwumwuka wamazi uboneka mwikirere. Umwuka wamazi, imyuka ya gazi yamazi, mubusanzwe ntigaragara mumaso yumuntu. Ubushuhe bwerekana ko bishoboka ko imvura igwa, ikime, cyangwa igihu.
Absolute idealism: Igitekerezo cyuzuye ni filozofiya ya monistique ya ontologiya ahanini ifitanye isano na GWF Hegel na Friedrich Schelling, bombi bari abahanga mu bya filozofiya b'Abadage mu kinyejana cya 19. Akarango kajyanye no ku bandi nka Josiah Royce, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya w'umunyamerika wagize uruhare runini mu mirimo ya Hegel, hamwe n'ibitekerezo by'abongereza. Ubwoko bw'ibitekerezo, ibitekerezo byuzuye ni inkuru ya Hegel yukuntu kubaho amaherezo byumvikana nkibintu byose birimo. Hegel yashimangiye ko kugira ngo ingingo yo gutekereza ibashe kumenya intego yayo, hagomba kubaho mu buryo runaka umwirondoro w'ibitekerezo no kubaho. Bitabaye ibyo, isomo ntirishobora kugera kubintu kandi ntidushobora gushidikanya kubijyanye n'ubumenyi ubwo aribwo bwose bw'isi. Kugirango ubare itandukaniro riri hagati yibitekerezo no kubaho, ariko, kimwe nubukire nubudasa bwa buriwese, ubumwe bwibitekerezo no kuba ntibishobora kugaragazwa nkirangamuntu idasobanutse "A = A \". Ibitekerezo byuzuye ni ukugerageza kwerekana ubwo bumwe ukoresheje uburyo bushya bwa \ "spekulive \" uburyo bwa filozofiya, busaba ibitekerezo bishya n'amategeko ya logique. Nk'uko Hegel abibona, impamvu yuzuye yo kubaho ni inzira yingirakamaro, amateka yibikenewe bigenda byigaragaza ubwabyo muburyo bwimiterere igoye yo kubaho no kwiyumvisha ibintu, amaherezo bigatuma habaho ubudasa butandukanye kwisi ndetse no mubitekerezo hamwe ibyo dutekereza kandi byumvikana isi.
Absolute idealism: Igitekerezo cyuzuye ni filozofiya ya monistique ya ontologiya ahanini ifitanye isano na GWF Hegel na Friedrich Schelling, bombi bari abahanga mu bya filozofiya b'Abadage mu kinyejana cya 19. Akarango kajyanye no ku bandi nka Josiah Royce, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya w'umunyamerika wagize uruhare runini mu mirimo ya Hegel, hamwe n'ibitekerezo by'abongereza. Ubwoko bw'ibitekerezo, ibitekerezo byuzuye ni inkuru ya Hegel yukuntu kubaho amaherezo byumvikana nkibintu byose birimo. Hegel yashimangiye ko kugira ngo ingingo yo gutekereza ibashe kumenya intego yayo, hagomba kubaho mu buryo runaka umwirondoro w'ibitekerezo no kubaho. Bitabaye ibyo, isomo ntirishobora kugera kubintu kandi ntidushobora gushidikanya kubijyanye n'ubumenyi ubwo aribwo bwose bw'isi. Kugirango ubare itandukaniro riri hagati yibitekerezo no kubaho, ariko, kimwe nubukire nubudasa bwa buriwese, ubumwe bwibitekerezo no kuba ntibishobora kugaragazwa nkirangamuntu idasobanutse "A = A \". Ibitekerezo byuzuye ni ukugerageza kwerekana ubwo bumwe ukoresheje uburyo bushya bwa \ "spekulive \" uburyo bwa filozofiya, busaba ibitekerezo bishya n'amategeko ya logique. Nk'uko Hegel abibona, impamvu yuzuye yo kubaho ni inzira yingirakamaro, amateka yibikenewe bigenda byigaragaza ubwabyo muburyo bwimiterere igoye yo kubaho no kwiyumvisha ibintu, amaherezo bigatuma habaho ubudasa butandukanye kwisi ndetse no mubitekerezo hamwe ibyo dutekereza kandi byumvikana isi.
Absolute immunity: Mu mategeko ya Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, ubudahangarwa busesuye ni ubwoko bw'ubudahangarwa bwigenga ku bayobozi ba leta butanga ubudahangarwa bwuzuye mu bushinjacyaha kandi bugasaba indishyi, mu gihe abayobozi baba bakora mu nshingano zabo. Urukiko rw'Ikirenga rwo muri Leta zunze ubumwe z'Amerika rwemeje ko abayobozi ba leta bakwiriye kudahabwa ubudahangarwa mu manza z'indishyi, kandi ko amategeko rusange yemeye ubwo budahangarwa. Urukiko ruvuga ko ubwo budahangarwa ari ngombwa mu rwego rwo kurinda abayobozi ba Leta kutivanga cyane ku nshingano zabo no "guhungabanya umutekano."
Absolute income hypothesis: Mu bukungu, hypothesis yuzuye yinjiza ireba uburyo umuguzi agabanya amafaranga yinjiza hagati yo gukoresha no kuzigama. Nibice bigize igitekerezo cyo gukoresha cyatanzwe nubukungu John Maynard Keynes. Iyi hypothesis yatunganijwe cyane mu myaka ya za 1960 na 1970, cyane cyane n'umuhanga mu bukungu w'umunyamerika James Tobin (1918–2002).
Absolute Infinite: Absolute Infinite niyagurwa ryigitekerezo kitagira iherezo cyatanzwe numubare Georg Cantor.
Georg Cantor: Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp Cantor yari umuhanga mu mibare. Yashizeho inyigisho zashyizweho, zahindutse inyigisho yibanze mu mibare. Cantor yashyizeho akamaro ko kwandikirana umwe-umwe hagati yabagize ibice bibiri, asobanura ibice bitagira ingano kandi byateganijwe neza, kandi yerekanye ko imibare nyayo ari myinshi kuruta imibare isanzwe. Mubyukuri, uburyo bwa Cantor bwo kwerekana iyi theorem bwerekana ko hariho ubuziraherezo. Yasobanuye imibare yumukaridinali nisanzwe hamwe nimibare yabyo. Ibikorwa bya Cantor birashimishije cyane bya filozofiya, ikintu yari abizi neza.
Absolute Infinite: Absolute Infinite niyagurwa ryigitekerezo kitagira iherezo cyatanzwe numubare Georg Cantor.
Absolute Infinite: Absolute Infinite niyagurwa ryigitekerezo kitagira iherezo cyatanzwe numubare Georg Cantor.
Integral element: Mu alijebure itarenze, ikintu b A itarenze impeta B bivugwa kuba kigize hejuru A, a subring ya B, niba hari n ≥ 1 na j mu A buryo	In commutative algebra, an element b of a commutative ring B is said to be integral over A, a subring of B, if there are n ≥ 1 and aj in A such that
Instrumental and intrinsic value: Muri filozofiya mbonezamubano, agaciro k'ibikoresho n'imbere ni itandukaniro riri hagati yuburyo bwo kugera ku ndunduro nki iherezo ryonyine . Ibintu bifatwa nkibikoresho byingenzi niba bifasha umuntu kugera kumpera runaka; indangagaciro zimbere , zinyuranye, zumvikana ko zifuzwa muri bo ubwabo. Igikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho, nk'inyundo cyangwa imashini imesa, bifite agaciro k'ibikoresho kuko bigufasha gukubita umusumari cyangwa guhanagura imyenda yawe. Ibyishimo no kwinezeza mubisanzwe bifatwa nkibifite agaciro gakomeye nko kubaza impamvu umuntu yabishaka bidafite ishingiro: bifuzwa kubwinyungu zabo hatitawe ku gaciro k'ibikoresho bishoboka. Amazina classic instrumental na bigize bari yahimbye by by'imibanire Max Weber, akaba yamaze imyaka kwiga ibisobanuro byiza abantu bashinzwe ibikorwa byabo n'imyizerere.
Instrumental and intrinsic value: Muri filozofiya mbonezamubano, agaciro k'ibikoresho n'imbere ni itandukaniro riri hagati yuburyo bwo kugera ku ndunduro nki iherezo ryonyine . Ibintu bifatwa nkibikoresho byingenzi niba bifasha umuntu kugera kumpera runaka; indangagaciro zimbere , zinyuranye, zumvikana ko zifuzwa muri bo ubwabo. Igikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho, nk'inyundo cyangwa imashini imesa, bifite agaciro k'ibikoresho kuko bigufasha gukubita umusumari cyangwa guhanagura imyenda yawe. Ibyishimo no kwinezeza mubisanzwe bifatwa nkibifite agaciro gakomeye nko kubaza impamvu umuntu yabishaka bidafite ishingiro: bifuzwa kubwinyungu zabo hatitawe ku gaciro k'ibikoresho bishoboka. Amazina classic instrumental na bigize bari yahimbye by by'imibanire Max Weber, akaba yamaze imyaka kwiga ibisobanuro byiza abantu bashinzwe ibikorwa byabo n'imyizerere.
Invariant theory: Invariant theory ni ishami rya abstract algebra ikora ibikorwa byamatsinda kumoko ya algebraic, nkibibanza bya vector, duhereye ku ngaruka zabyo kumikorere. Mubisanzwe, theorie yakemuye ikibazo cyo gusobanura neza imikorere yimikorere myinshi idahinduka, cyangwa idahinduka , munsi yimpinduka ziva mumurongo runaka. Kurugero, niba dusuzumye ibikorwa byumurongo udasanzwe wumurongo SL n kumwanya wa n na n matrices mukugwiza ibumoso, noneho uwagennye ni invariant yiki gikorwa kuko uwagennye AX ahwanye nuwagennye X , mugihe A ari muri SL n .
Absolute return: Kugaruka busesuye cyangwa gusa kugaruka ni ingero ya inyungu cyangwa igihombo ku nshingano ishoramari Nka A Ijanisha mukuru imari. Inshinga "absolute \" ikoreshwa mugushimangira itandukaniro ningamba zo kugaruka ugereranije akenshi zikoreshwa namafaranga maremare gusa atemerewe kugira uruhare mugurisha mugufi.
Absolute irreducibility: Mu mibare, polinomial itandukanye isobanurwa hejuru yimibare yumvikana ntishobora kwemerwa rwose niba idashoboka hejuru yumurima utoroshye. Kurugero, ni bidashoboka rwose, ariko mugihe ni bidasubirwaho hejuru yimibare nukuri, iragabanuka hejuru yimibare igoye nkuko bityo rero ntabwo byemewe rwose.	In mathematics, a multivariate polynomial defined over the rational numbers is absolutely irreducible if it is irreducible over the complex field. For example,
Universality (philosophy): Muri filozofiya, rusange cyangwa absolutisme ni igitekerezo cy'uko ibintu byose bibaho kandi bishobora kuvumburwa buhoro buhoro, bitandukanye na relativism, yemeza ko ibintu byose bifitanye isano gusa nibyo umuntu abona. Absolutism na relativism byacukumbuwe muburebure muri filozofiya yisesengura ya none.
Absolute liability: Inshingano zuzuye ni igipimo cyinshingano zemewe n'amategeko ziboneka mu iyicarubozo n'amategeko ahana ibyaha bitandukanye.
Regulatory offence: Icyaha giteganywa cyangwa icyaha cyicyaha nicyaha cyicyaha aho urwego rwo kwerekana ko nyirabayazana rwagabanutse kuburyo ikintu cya mens rea kidakenewe . Ibyaha nkibi bikoreshwa mu gukumira abashobora gukora icyaha imyitwarire iteje akaga aho gutanga ibihano kubera amakosa y'imyitwarire.
Regulatory offence: Icyaha giteganywa cyangwa icyaha cyicyaha nicyaha cyicyaha aho urwego rwo kwerekana ko nyirabayazana rwagabanutse kuburyo ikintu cya mens rea kidakenewe . Ibyaha nkibi bikoreshwa mu gukumira abashobora gukora icyaha imyitwarire iteje akaga aho gutanga ibihano kubera amakosa y'imyitwarire.
Negative liberty: Ubwisanzure bubi ni umudendezo wo kwivanga nabandi bantu. Ubwisanzure bubi bwibanze cyane cyane kubwisanzure bwo kwifata hanze kandi butandukanye nubwisanzure bwiza. Itandukaniro ryatangijwe na Yesaya Berlin mu kiganiro cye 1958 "Amahame abiri y'ubwigenge \".
Location: Muri geografiya, ahantu cyangwa ahantu bikoreshwa mugusobanura akarere hejuru yisi cyangwa ahandi. Ijambo ahantu muri rusange risobanura urwego rwukuri rwukuri kuruta ahantu , icya nyuma gikunze kwerekana ikintu gifite imipaka idasobanutse, gishingiye cyane kubiranga abantu cyangwa imibereho yabantu biranga ahantu hamwe no kumva ahantu kuruta kuri geometrie.
Absolute magnitude: n Ubunini bwuzuye ni igipimo cyo kumurika ikintu cyo mu kirere, ku gipimo cya logarithmic inyenyeri nini. Ubunini bwuzuye bwikintu busobanurwa ko bungana nubunini bugaragara icyo kintu cyaba gifite iyo urebye kure ya parsecs 10, nta kuzimya urumuri rwacyo bitewe no kwinjizwa n'ibintu hagati y'umukungugu n'umukungugu wo mu kirere. Mugushira muburyo bwo gushyira ibintu byose kurwego rusanzwe rwerekanwa nindorerezi, urumuri rwabo rushobora kugereranwa hagati yundi murwego rwubunini.
Absolute magnitude: n Ubunini bwuzuye ni igipimo cyo kumurika ikintu cyo mu kirere, ku gipimo cya logarithmic inyenyeri nini. Ubunini bwuzuye bwikintu busobanurwa ko bungana nubunini bugaragara icyo kintu cyaba gifite iyo urebye kure ya parsecs 10, nta kuzimya urumuri rwacyo bitewe no kwinjizwa n'ibintu hagati y'umukungugu n'umukungugu wo mu kirere. Mugushira muburyo bwo gushyira ibintu byose kurwego rusanzwe rwerekanwa nindorerezi, urumuri rwabo rushobora kugereranwa hagati yundi murwego rwubunini.
Absolute magnitude: n Ubunini bwuzuye ni igipimo cyo kumurika ikintu cyo mu kirere, ku gipimo cya logarithmic inyenyeri nini. Ubunini bwuzuye bwikintu busobanurwa ko bungana nubunini bugaragara icyo kintu cyaba gifite iyo urebye kure ya parsecs 10, nta kuzimya urumuri rwacyo bitewe no kwinjizwa n'ibintu hagati y'umukungugu n'umukungugu wo mu kirere. Mugushira muburyo bwo gushyira ibintu byose kurwego rusanzwe rwerekanwa nindorerezi, urumuri rwabo rushobora kugereranwa hagati yundi murwego rwubunini.
Absolute Magnitude (magazine): Absolute Magnitude ni Umunyamerika wahagaritswe, igice cya kabiri cya siyanse yubumenyi bwa siyanse yatangiriye mu nomero ya Sring / Summar 1993 ku izina rya Harsh Mistress . Ariko, muri 1994 nyuma yibibazo bibiri gusa izina ryahinduwe kuri Absolute Magnitude . Mu 2002, izina ryongeye guhindurwa ryitwa Absolute Magnitude & Aboriginal Science Fiction igihe abamamaji babonaga uburenganzira bwa Aboriginal Science Fiction . Absolute Magnitude yasohowe na ADN Publications kandi ikosorwa na Warren Lapine. Muri kiriya gihe yari ifite icyicaro i Radford, muri Virijiniya. Nubwo byari bikwiye kuba ikinyamakuru buri gihembwe ibyasohotse mubyukuri ntabwo byari bisanzwe. Nyuma yo gusohora ibibazo makumyabiri na rimwe munsi yumutwe wa Absolute Magnitude , nomero yimpeshyi 2005 niyo nomero yanyuma yikinyamakuru.
Supermajority: Ikirenga , ubwinshi-bwiganze , ubwinshi bwujuje ibyangombwa cyangwa ubwiganze budasanzwe , nibisabwa kugirango icyifuzo kibone urwego rwihariye rwinkunga irenze igipimo cyarenze kimwe cya kabiri cyakoreshejwe kuri benshi. Amategeko ya supermajority muri demokarasi arashobora gufasha kubuza benshi guhungabanya uburenganzira bwibanze bwa bake. Guhindura itegeko nshinga, cyane cyane abafite ingingo zashinze imizi, mubisanzwe bisaba inkunga idasanzwe mu nteko ishinga amategeko. Uburyo bw'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko busaba ko igikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose cy'inteko nyunguranabitekerezo ishobora guhindura uburenganzira bwa rubanda nyamwinshi isabwa bidasanzwe, nk'amajwi ya bibiri bya gatatu.
Field with one element: nMu mibare, umurima ufite ikintu kimwe nizina ryerekana ikintu kigomba kwitwara nkumurima wanyuma ufite ikintu kimwe, niba umurima nk'uwo ushobora kubaho. Iki kintu cyerekanwe F 1 , cyangwa, mu gifaransa - Icyongereza, F un . Izina \ "umurima ufite ikintu kimwe \" hamwe na F 1 byerekana gusa, kuko nta murima ufite ikintu kimwe muri classique abstract algebra. Ahubwo, F 1 bivuga igitekerezo cyuko hagomba kubaho uburyo bwo gusimbuza ibikorwa, ibikorwa byubaka gakondo kuri algebra abstract, hamwe nibindi bintu byoroshye. Byinshi mubitekerezo bya F 1 byasabwe, ariko ntibisobanutse neza, niba bihari, muribyo biha F 1 ibintu byose byifuzwa. Mugihe haracyari ikibuga gifite ikintu kimwe muribi bitekerezo, hariho umurima umeze nkikintu kiranga kimwe.
Mean absolute difference: Itandukaniro ryuzuye (univariate) ni igipimo cyo gutandukanya imibare ihwanye nimpuzandengo yimpuzandengo yuzuye yindangagaciro ebyiri zigenga zikomoka kubikwirakwizwa. Ibarurishamibare rifitanye isano ni isano isobanura itandukaniro ryuzuye , niryo tandukanyirizo ryuzuye ritandukanijwe nuburyo bwo kubara, kandi bingana na kabiri coefficient ya Gini.nIbisobanuro bitandukanijwe rwose bizwi kandi ko ari itandukaniro ryuzuye kandi Gini isobanura itandukaniro (GMD) . Itandukaniro ritandukanye rwose rimwe na rimwe ryerekanwa na Δ cyangwa nka MD.
Absolute molar mass: Ubwinshi bwimitsi ni inzira ikoreshwa mukumenya ibiranga molekile.
Absolute monarchy: Ingoma ya cyami ni uburyo bwa cyami aho umwami afite ubutware buhebuje bw'igitugu, ahanini ntibibujijwe n'amategeko yanditse, inteko ishinga amategeko, cyangwa imigenzo itanditse. Akenshi ni ingoma ya cyami. Ibinyuranye na byo, mu bwami bugendera ku itegekonshinga, umukuru w'ubutegetsi bw'igihugu akomoka cyangwa abuzuzwa n'amategeko cyangwa abujijwe n'itegeko nshinga, inteko ishinga amategeko cyangwa imigenzo itanditse.
Absolute monarchy: Ingoma ya cyami ni uburyo bwa cyami aho umwami afite ubutware buhebuje bw'igitugu, ahanini ntibibujijwe n'amategeko yanditse, inteko ishinga amategeko, cyangwa imigenzo itanditse. Akenshi ni ingoma ya cyami. Ibinyuranye na byo, mu bwami bugendera ku itegekonshinga, umukuru w'ubutegetsi bw'igihugu akomoka cyangwa abuzuzwa n'amategeko cyangwa abujijwe n'itegeko nshinga, inteko ishinga amategeko cyangwa imigenzo itanditse.
Absolute monarchy: Ingoma ya cyami ni uburyo bwa cyami aho umwami afite ubutware buhebuje bw'igitugu, ahanini ntibibujijwe n'amategeko yanditse, inteko ishinga amategeko, cyangwa imigenzo itanditse. Akenshi ni ingoma ya cyami. Ibinyuranye na byo, mu bwami bugendera ku itegekonshinga, umukuru w'ubutegetsi bw'igihugu akomoka cyangwa abuzuzwa n'amategeko cyangwa abujijwe n'itegeko nshinga, inteko ishinga amategeko cyangwa imigenzo itanditse.
Absolute monarchy: Ingoma ya cyami ni uburyo bwa cyami aho umwami afite ubutware buhebuje bw'igitugu, ahanini ntibibujijwe n'amategeko yanditse, inteko ishinga amategeko, cyangwa imigenzo itanditse. Akenshi ni ingoma ya cyami. Ibinyuranye na byo, mu bwami bugendera ku itegekonshinga, umukuru w'ubutegetsi bw'igihugu akomoka cyangwa abuzuzwa n'amategeko cyangwa abujijwe n'itegeko nshinga, inteko ishinga amategeko cyangwa imigenzo itanditse.
Absolute monarchy in France: Ingoma ya cyami mu Bufaransa yagaragaye buhoro buhoro mu kinyejana cya 16 maze ishingwa mu kinyejana cya 17. Ingoma ya cyami ni itandukaniro ryuburyo bwa leta bwubwami aho umwami afite ubutware bwikirenga kandi aho ubwo bubasha butabujijwe namategeko yanditse, inteko ishinga amategeko, cyangwa imigenzo. Mu Bufaransa, Louis XIV yari intangarugero izwi cyane ku bwami bwa cyami, urukiko rwe rwibanze ku buzima bwa politiki n'umuco by'Ubufaransa ku ngoma ye.
Monarchy of Thailand: Ubwami bwa Tayilande bivuga ubwami bugendera ku itegekonshinga hamwe n'umwami w'Ubwami bwa Tayilande. Umwami wa Tayilande ni umukuru w'igihugu akaba n'umukuru w'ingoma ya cyami ya Chakri.
Gustavian era: Amateka ya Suwede kuva 1772 kugeza 1809 azwi cyane nkigihe cya Gustaviya cyabami Gustav III na Gustav IV, ndetse ningoma yumwami Charles XIII wa Suwede.
Absolute monarchy in France: Ingoma ya cyami mu Bufaransa yagaragaye buhoro buhoro mu kinyejana cya 16 maze ishingwa mu kinyejana cya 17. Ingoma ya cyami ni itandukaniro ryuburyo bwa leta bwubwami aho umwami afite ubutware bwikirenga kandi aho ubwo bubasha butabujijwe namategeko yanditse, inteko ishinga amategeko, cyangwa imigenzo. Mu Bufaransa, Louis XIV yari intangarugero izwi cyane ku bwami bwa cyami, urukiko rwe rwibanze ku buzima bwa politiki n'umuco by'Ubufaransa ku ngoma ye.
Moral absolutism: Imyitwarire idahwitse ni imyitwarire yerekana ko ibikorwa byose ari byiza imbere cyangwa bibi. Kwiba, kurugero, birashobora gufatwa nkubusambanyi, kabone niyo byakorwa kugirango imibereho myiza yabandi, kandi niyo yabikora amaherezo biteza imbere ibyiza nkibi. Imyitwarire idahwitse itandukanye n'ibindi byiciro by'amahame mbwirizamuco nk'ingaruka, ivuga ko imyitwarire y'igikorwa iterwa n'ingaruka cyangwa imiterere y'icyo gikorwa.
Absolute space and time: Umwanya n'umwanya byuzuye ni igitekerezo muri fiziki na filozofiya kubyerekeye imiterere yisi. Muri fiziki, umwanya wuzuye nigihe gishobora kuba ikintu cyatoranijwe.
Absolute music: Umuziki wuzuye numuziki utagaragara neza "kubyerekeye \" ikintu cyose; bitandukanye na muzika ya porogaramu, ntabwo ihagarariye. Igitekerezo cy'umuziki wuzuye cyateye imbere mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 18 mu nyandiko z'abanditsi b'Abadage b'Abaroma b'Abadage, nka Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder, Ludwig Tieck na ETA Hoffmann ariko iryo jambo ntiryahimbwe kugeza mu 1846 aho ryakoreshejwe bwa mbere na Richard Wagner. muri gahunda ya Symphony ya cyenda ya Beethoven.
Retraction (topology): Muri topologiya, ishami ryimibare, gusubira inyuma ni ugukomeza gushushanya kuva mumiterere ya topologiya mukibanza kibika umwanya wibintu byose muricyo kibanza. Umwanya muto noneho witwa retract yumwanya wambere . Gusubira inyuma kwa deformasiyo ni ikarita ifata igitekerezo cyo guhora ugabanya umwanya mubutaka.
Bond lease: Muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika ubucuruzi bwimitungo itimukanwa Bond , bakunze kwita "Ubukode bwikubye butatu \", \ "Ubukode bwukuri butatu \", cyangwa se \ "Ubukode bwokuzimu-cyangwa-Amazi menshi-" uburyo bukabije cyane bwubukode bwa NNN, aho umukode ashinzwe ibyago byose byimitungo itimukanwa byongeye kugaruka kumitungo kandi akaba ashinzwe amafaranga yose ajyanye numutungo, kabone niyo haba haribintu byahitanye / byamaganwa.
Phoneme: Muri fonologiya nubumenyi bwindimi, foneme nigice cyijwi gishobora gutandukanya ijambo rimwe nundi mururimi runaka.
Phoneme: Muri fonologiya nubumenyi bwindimi, foneme nigice cyijwi gishobora gutandukanya ijambo rimwe nundi mururimi runaka.
Absolute neutrophil count: Umubare wuzuye wa neutrophil (ANC) ni igipimo cyumubare wa neutrophil granulocytes igaragara mumaraso. Neutrophile ni ubwoko bwamaraso yera arwanya kwandura.
Ideal norm: Muri algebra igenda, ihame ryintangarugero ni uguhuriza hamwe ihame ryikintu mu kwagura umurima. Nibyingenzi byumwihariko mubitekerezo byumubare kuva bipima ubunini bwigitekerezo cyimpeta yimibare igoye ukurikije icyerekezo mumpeta idakomeye. Iyo umubare utagoranye cyane impeta yafashwe kugirango ibe impeta yimibare, Z , noneho ihame ryintangarugero ya nonzero I yumubare wimpeta R nubunini bwimpeta yanyuma R / I.
Absolute number: Umubare wuzuye urashobora kwerekeza kuri: Umubare, umutungo ushobora kubaho nkubwinshi cyangwa ubunini
Pacifism: Pacifism ni ukurwanya intambara, militarism cyangwa urugomo. Ijambo pacifism ryahimbwe n'umukangurambaga w'amahoro w'Abafaransa Émile Arnaud kandi ryemejwe n'abandi baharanira amahoro muri kongere ya cumi y'amahoro ku isi yose yabereye i Glasgow mu 1901. Ijambo rifitanye isano ni ahimsa , rikaba ari filozofiya y'ibanze mu madini y'Abahinde nk'Abahindu, Ababuda, na Abayayini. Mugihe ibisobanuro bigezweho biherutse, bimaze gusobanurwa kuva mu kinyejana cya 19, imirongo ya kera ni myinshi.
Parallelizable manifold: Mu mibare, ibintu bitandukanye ibipimo n byitwa parallelizable niba hariho ibibanza byoroshye bya vector	In mathematics, a differentiable manifold
Causal structure: Muri fiziki ya mibare, imiterere yimpamvu ya Lorentzian isobanura isano itera hagati yibintu muri byinshi.
Path (computing): n Inzira ni umurongo winyuguti zikoreshwa mukumenya bidasanzwe ahantu muburyo bwububiko. Igizwe no gukurikiza ububiko bwibiti bikurikirana aho ibice, bitandukanijwe nimiterere, byerekana buri bubiko. Imiterere yo gutandukanya ibisanzwe ni ugucamo ibice (\ "/ \"), inyuguti isubiza inyuma (\ "\\\"), cyangwa colon (\ ": \"), nubwo sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zikora zishobora gukoresha itandukaniro ritandukanye. Inzira zikoreshwa cyane mubumenyi bwa mudasobwa kugirango zerekane ububiko / dosiye isano isanzwe muri sisitemu ikora igezweho, kandi ni ngombwa mu iyubakwa rya Uniform Resource Locators (URL). Resources bishobora guhagararirwa haba inzira busesuye cyangwa incuti.
Path (computing): n Inzira ni umurongo winyuguti zikoreshwa mukumenya bidasanzwe ahantu muburyo bwububiko. Igizwe no gukurikiza ububiko bwibiti bikurikirana aho ibice, bitandukanijwe nimiterere, byerekana buri bubiko. Imiterere yo gutandukanya ibisanzwe ni ugucamo ibice (\ "/ \"), inyuguti isubiza inyuma (\ "\\\"), cyangwa colon (\ ": \"), nubwo sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zikora zishobora gukoresha itandukaniro ritandukanye. Inzira zikoreshwa cyane mubumenyi bwa mudasobwa kugirango zerekane ububiko / dosiye isano isanzwe muri sisitemu ikora igezweho, kandi ni ngombwa mu iyubakwa rya Uniform Resource Locators (URL). Resources bishobora guhagararirwa haba inzira busesuye cyangwa incuti.
Approximation algorithm: Mubumenyi bwa mudasobwa nibikorwa byubushakashatsi, kugereranya algorithms ni algorithms ikora neza ibona ibisubizo bigereranijwe kubibazo byo gutezimbere hamwe na garanti zifatika ku ntera yumuti wasubijwe neza. Kugereranya algorithms mubisanzwe bivuka mubijyanye na siyansi yubumenyi bwa mudasobwa nkinkurikizi za benshi bizera P ≠ NP. Munsi yiki gitekerezo, icyiciro kinini cyibibazo byo gutezimbere ntigishobora gukemurwa neza mugihe kinini. Umwanya wo kugereranya algorithms, rero, uragerageza kumva uburyo bishoboka kugereranya ibisubizo byiza kubibazo nkibi mugihe cya polinomial. Mubenshi mubibazo byinshi, garanti ya algorithms nimwe igwiza igaragazwa nkikigereranyo cyagereranijwe cyangwa ikintu cyagereranijwe ni ukuvuga, igisubizo cyiza gihora cyemezwa ko kiri mubintu (byateganijwe) kugwiza igisubizo cyagarutse. Ariko, hariho na algorithms nyinshi zigereranya zitanga garanti yinyongera kumiterere yibisubizo byagarutse. Urugero rugaragara rwa algorithm yo kugereranya itanga byombi ni classique yo kugereranya algorithm ya Lenstra, Shmoys na Tardos yo guteganya imashini zidafitanye isano.
Permittivity: Muri electromagnetism, uruhushya rwuzuye , rwitwa gusa uruhushya kandi rwerekanwa ninyuguti yikigereki ε (epsilon), ni igipimo cyerekana amashanyarazi ya dielectric. Ibikoresho bifite uruhushya runini cyane bisubiza inyuma amashanyarazi yakoreshejwe kuruta ibikoresho bifite uruhushya ruke, bityo bikabika ingufu nyinshi mubikoresho. Muri electrostatike, uruhushya rugira uruhare runini muguhitamo ubushobozi bwa capacitor.
Absolute phase: Icyiciro cyuzuye bivuga icyiciro cyumurongo ugereranije nibisanzwe. Mugihe urwego rusanzwe rwemewe nimpande zose, umuntu arashobora kuvuga icyiciro cyuzuye mubice runaka byo gusaba.
Absolute construction: Mu bumenyi bw'indimi, ubwubatsi bwuzuye ni ikibonezamvugo cyubatswe gihagaze gitandukanye nubusanzwe cyangwa bisanzwe bisanzwe bifitanye isano nandi magambo cyangwa interuro. Irashobora kuba ingingo itagira iherezo igengwa nuburyo kandi igahindura interuro yose, inyito cyangwa inyito nyirizina ihagaze yonyine idafite ishingiro ryahinduwe, cyangwa inshinga ihindagurika mugihe ikintu cyayo cyerekanwe ariko kitavuzwe. Ijambo absolute rikomoka mu kilatini absolūtum , bisobanura " kurekurwa kuri \" cyangwa \ "gutandukana \".
Pin (chess): Muri chess, pin ni amayeri ya chess aho igice cyo kwirwanaho kidashobora kugenda kitagaragaje igice kinini cyokwirwanaho kurundi ruhande kugirango gifatwe nigice cyateye. Kwimura igice cyo gutera kugirango uzane kuri pin byitwa pinning ; kuburanira isambu kugira bisesuye avugwaho ko idunujwe. Gusa ibice bishobora kwimura umubare utazwi wa kwadiri mumurongo utambitse, uhagaritse, cyangwa diagonal urashobora pin. Abami, abatware, n'abashitsi ntibashobora gukubita. Igice icyo aricyo cyose gishobora guterwa usibye umwami, kubera ko umwami agomba guhita akurwa kuri cheque mubihe byose. Nukumeze nk'igitambambuga, ariko muri shitingi, igice cyagaciro cyane nicyo kibasiwe bitaziguye.
Absolute pitch: n Ikibanza cyuzuye ( AP ), bakunze kwita ikibuga cyuzuye , nubushobozi budasanzwe bwumuntu bwo kumenya cyangwa kongera gukora injyana yumuziki yatanzwe nta nyungu yijwi. AP irashobora kwerekanwa ukoresheje ibimenyetso byindimi, guhuza amashusho yo mumutwe hamwe ninyandiko, cyangwa ibisubizo bya sensorimotor. Kurugero, ufite AP ashobora kubyara neza amajwi yumvikanye mugikoresho cyumuziki nta \ "guhiga \" mukibuga cyiza.
Absolute pitch: n Ikibanza cyuzuye ( AP ), bakunze kwita ikibuga cyuzuye , nubushobozi budasanzwe bwumuntu bwo kumenya cyangwa kongera gukora injyana yumuziki yatanzwe nta nyungu yijwi. AP irashobora kwerekanwa ukoresheje ibimenyetso byindimi, guhuza amashusho yo mumutwe hamwe ninyandiko, cyangwa ibisubizo bya sensorimotor. Kurugero, ufite AP ashobora kubyara neza amajwi yumvikanye mugikoresho cyumuziki nta \ "guhiga \" mukibuga cyiza.
Absolute geometry: Uburinganire bwa geometrike ni geometrie ishingiye kuri sisitemu ya axiom ya geometrike ya Euclidean idafite aho ihuriye cyangwa nubundi buryo bushoboka. Ubusanzwe, ibi bivuze gukoresha bine gusa byambere bya Euclid, ariko kubera ko ibyo bidahagije nkishingiro rya geometrike ya Euclidean, ubundi buryo, nka axiom ya Hilbert idafite axiom ibangikanye. Iri jambo ryatangijwe na János Bolyai mu 1832. Rimwe na rimwe ryitwa geometrie itabogamye , kubera ko itabogamye ku bijyanye na posita ibangikanye.
Cereus Poker Network: Cereus Poker Network yari umuyoboro wa poker kumurongo ugizwe na Absolute Poker na Ultimate Bet . Urubuga ubu ntirushobora kwishyura kandi ntirutunganya gukuramo abakinnyi. Cereus ifitwe nisosiyete yigenga, Imikino ya Blanca. Imikino ya Blanca yaguze umutungo wose wa Network muri Kanama 2010 muri Tokwiro Enterprises. Umuyoboro wa Cereus wari umwe mu makarita icumi y'amakarita y'amakarita yo kuri interineti mbere yo gutakaza umubare munini w'abakinnyi bayo nyuma y'ibirego byo ku ya 15 Mata 2011.
Extreme poverty: Ubukene bukabije, bukene bukabije, bukabije ubukene, ubukene busesuye, gusigara iheruheru, cyangwa penury, ni ubwoko cyane bikomeye by'ubukene, bisobanurwa n'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye (UN) nk'uko "mimerere kurangwa kwamburwa bikomeye bakeneye by'ibanze muntu, harimo ibiribwa, umutekano amazi yo kunywa, ibikoresho by'isuku, ubuzima, aho kuba, uburezi namakuru. Ntabwo biterwa ninjiza gusa ahubwo binaterwa no kubona serivisi \ ". Amateka, ibindi bisobanuro byatanzwe mu Muryango w'abibumbye.
Poverty threshold: Ubukene y'urwinjiriro, ntarengwa ubukene, ubukene umurongo cyangwa breadline, ni rwego nibura amafaranga bibaye buhagije mu gihugu runaka. Umurongo w'ubukene mubusanzwe ubarwa mugushakisha igiciro cyose cyumutungo wingenzi umuntu mukuru wumuntu akoresha mumwaka umwe. Umubare munini muri ayo mafaranga ni ubukode busabwa mu icumbi, bityo mu mateka, abahanga mu bukungu bitaye cyane ku isoko ry'imitungo itimukanwa ndetse n'ibiciro by'amazu nk'umurongo ukomeye w'ubukene ugira ingaruka. Umuntu ku giti cye akoreshwa kenshi mu kubara ibihe bitandukanye, nko kumenya niba umwe ari umubyeyi, umusaza, umwana, wubatse, n'ibindi. Umubare w'ubukene urashobora guhinduka buri mwaka. Mubikorwa, kimwe nubusobanuro bwubukene, abayobozi cyangwa imyumvire rusange yumurongo wubukene iri hejuru cyane mubihugu byateye imbere kuruta mubihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere.
Poverty threshold: Ubukene y'urwinjiriro, ntarengwa ubukene, ubukene umurongo cyangwa breadline, ni rwego nibura amafaranga bibaye buhagije mu gihugu runaka. Umurongo w'ubukene mubusanzwe ubarwa mugushakisha igiciro cyose cyumutungo wingenzi umuntu mukuru wumuntu akoresha mumwaka umwe. Umubare munini muri ayo mafaranga ni ubukode busabwa mu icumbi, bityo mu mateka, abahanga mu bukungu bitaye cyane ku isoko ry'imitungo itimukanwa ndetse n'ibiciro by'amazu nk'umurongo ukomeye w'ubukene ugira ingaruka. Umuntu ku giti cye akoreshwa kenshi mu kubara ibihe bitandukanye, nko kumenya niba umwe ari umubyeyi, umusaza, umwana, wubatse, n'ibindi. Umubare w'ubukene urashobora guhinduka buri mwaka. Mubikorwa, kimwe nubusobanuro bwubukene, abayobozi cyangwa imyumvire rusange yumurongo wubukene iri hejuru cyane mubihugu byateye imbere kuruta mubihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere.
Absolute Power: Imbaraga zuzuye zishobora kwerekanwa:
Absolute Power: Imbaraga zuzuye zishobora kwerekanwa:
John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton: John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton, Baron Acton wa 1, Marquess wa 13 wa Groppoli ,, uzwi cyane ku izina rya Lord Acton , yari umuhanga mu by'amateka Gatolika w'Ubwongereza, umunyapolitiki, n'umwanditsi. Yari umuhungu w'ikinege wa Sir Ferdinand Dalberg-Acton, Baronet wa 7, akaba n'umwuzukuru wa admiral wa Neapolitan akaba na minisitiri w'intebe Sir John Acton, Baronet wa 6. Hagati ya 1837 na 1869 yari azwi nka Sir John Dalberg-Acton, Baronet ya 8.
Absolute Power (radio and TV series): n Absolute Power ni gahunda yo gusetsa yo mu Bwongereza, yashyizwe mu biro bya Prentiss McCabe, isosiyete ikora ibijyanye n'ibihimbano i Londres, iyobowe na Charles Prentiss na Martin McCabe.
Logical order of God's decrees: Urutonde rwumvikana rw'amategeko y'Imana ni ubushakashatsi muri tewolojiya ya Calvin yerekana gahunda yumvikana y'itegeko gushyiraho cyangwa kwemerera kugwa k'umuntu bijyanye n'itegeko rye ryo gukiza abanyabyaha bamwe (amatora) no guciraho iteka abandi (reprobation). Imyanya myinshi itavuga rumwe yatanzwe, yose ifite amazina hamwe numuzi wikilatini lapsus bisobanura kugwa.
Absolute presentation of a group: Mu mibare, kwerekana byimazeyo nuburyo bumwe bwo gusobanura itsinda.
Pressure measurement: Ibipimo by'ingutu ni isesengura ryingufu zikoreshwa n'amazi hejuru. Ubusanzwe igitutu gipimirwa mubice byingufu kuri buri gice cyubuso. Tekinike nyinshi zateguwe mugupima umuvuduko na vacuum. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugupima no kwerekana igitutu mubice bitarondoreka byitwa metero yumuvuduko cyangwa igipimo cyumuvuduko cyangwa vacuum . Manometero ni urugero rwiza, kuko ikoresha ubuso bwuburemere nuburemere bwinkingi yamazi kugirango bipime kandi byerekana igitutu. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, igipimo cya Bourdon gikoreshwa cyane ni igikoresho cya mashini, gipima kandi cyerekana kandi birashoboka ko ari ubwoko buzwi bwa gipima.
Pressure sensor: Umuvuduko wumuvuduko nigikoresho cyo gupima umuvuduko wa gaze cyangwa amazi. Umuvuduko nigaragaza imbaraga zisabwa kugirango uhagarike amazi kwaguka, kandi mubisanzwe bivugwa mubijyanye nimbaraga kuri buri gace. Umuyoboro wumuvuduko mubisanzwe ukora nka transducer; itanga ikimenyetso nkigikorwa cyumuvuduko washyizweho. Ku ntego ziyi ngingo, ibimenyetso nkibi ni amashanyarazi.
Real versus nominal value (economics): Mu bukungu, agaciro kizina gipimwa mubijyanye namafaranga, mugihe agaciro nyako kagereranijwe kubicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi. Agaciro nyako nimwe kahinduwe kugirango ifaranga ridahinduka, rituma ugereranya ingano nkaho ibiciro byibicuruzwa bitigeze bihinduka ugereranije. Guhindura agaciro mumagambo nyayo rero ukuyemo ingaruka zifaranga. Bitandukanye nagaciro nyako, agaciro kizina nticyahinduwe kugirango ifaranga ribe, bityo rero impinduka zagaciro kerekana byibuze igice cyingaruka zifaranga.
Permutable prime: Icyicaro cyemewe , kizwi kandi nka anagrammatic prime , numubare wambere, muburyo runaka, ushobora guhindura imyanya yimibare yahinduwe muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose kandi bikomeza kuba umubare wambere. HE Richert, bivugwa ko ari we wambere wize izi primes, yabise primes yemewe, ariko nyuma nanone bitwaga primes absolute .
Primogeniture: Primogeniture () nuburenganzira, mumategeko cyangwa imigenzo, yumwana wimfura wemewe kuragwa umutungo wumubyeyi wose cyangwa nyamukuru kuruta guhitamo umurage usangiye mubana bose cyangwa bamwe, umwana wese utemewe cyangwa umuvandimwe wese. Mubice byinshi bisobanura umurage wumuhungu wimfura; irashobora kandi gusobanura numukobwa wimfura.
Defamation: Gusebanya ni itumanaho mu magambo cyangwa ryanditse ryamagambo y'ibinyoma yerekeye undi yangiza akarengane kabo kandi ubusanzwe bigize iyicarubozo cyangwa icyaha. Mu bihugu byinshi, harimo na Koreya yepfo, amagambo yukuri arashobora no gufatwa nko gusebanya.
Absolute privilege in English law: n Amahirwe asesuye ni ukwirwanaho kwuzuye kubikorwa byo gusebanya mumategeko yicyongereza. Niba kwiregura k'uburenganzira busesuye bikurikizwa ntaho bihuriye nuko uregwa yaba yarakoze nabi, azi ko amakuru ari ibinyoma cyangwa yakoze gusa kugirango yangize izina ry'urega. Amahirwe asesuye arashobora koherezwa murwego ruto. Amagambo yatanzwe mu manza ararinzwe kimwe n'itumanaho hagati y'umucamanza n'umukiriya wabo. Umushinga w'uburenganzira bwo mu 1689 uteganya ko ibikorwa by'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y'Ubwongereza nabyo bikubiye mu burenganzira budasanzwe.
Absolute probability judgement: Urubanza rwose rushoboka ni tekinike ikoreshwa murwego rwo gusuzuma abantu kwizerwa (HRA), hagamijwe gusuzuma amahirwe yamakosa yumuntu abaho mugihe cyo kurangiza umurimo runaka. Duhereye ku isesengura nk'iryo noneho harashobora gufatwa ingamba zo kugabanya amakosa ashobora kuba muri sisitemu bityo bigatuma habaho iterambere mu nzego rusange z'umutekano. Hariho impamvu eshatu zibanze zo kuyobora HRA; kumenya amakosa, kugereranya amakosa no kugabanya amakosa. Nkuko hariho tekinike nyinshi zikoreshwa kubwizo ntego, zirashobora kugabanywamo kimwe mubice bibiri; tekinike yambere yambere hamwe nubuhanga bwa kabiri. Ubuhanga bwibisekuru byambere bukora bushingiye kubintu byoroshye bya 'guhuza / bidahuye' muguhuza ikibazo cyamakosa murwego rwo kumenya amakosa hamwe no kugereranya hamwe nubuhanga bwibisekuru bya kabiri nibyinshi mubitekerezo bishingiye kubisuzuma no kugereranya amakosa . Ubuhanga bwa HRA bwakoreshejwe mu nganda zitandukanye zirimo ubuvuzi, ubwubatsi, ingufu za kirimbuzi, ubwikorezi n'ubucuruzi; buri tekinike ifite imikoreshereze itandukanye mubyiciro bitandukanye.
Carmichael number: Mubitekerezo byumubare, numero ya Carmichael numubare uhuriweho ihaza modul arithmetic congruence isano:	In number theory, a Carmichael number is a composite number
AbsolutePunk: AbsolutePunk yari urubuga, umuryango wa interineti, nandi makuru yamakuru yumuziki yashinzwe na Jason Tate. Uru rubuga rwibanze cyane cyane ku bahanzi batamenyekanye nk'abantu benshi baterana, ariko byari bizwiho kwerekana abahanzi amaherezo bageze ku ntsinzi yambukiranya imipaka, barimo Blink-182, Fall Out Boy, My Chemical Romance, New Found Glory, Brand New, Taking Back Ku cyumweru, Indirimbo ya Gaslight, Anberlin, Thrice, Ibihe Byose Bike, Mannequin ya Jack, Yellowcard, Paramore, Relient K, numunsi wo kwibuka. Injyana yumuziki yibanze yibanze ni emo na pop punk, ariko izindi njyana zarimo.
Absolute Radio: Radiyo Absolute ni radiyo yigihugu yUbwongereza ifitwe kandi ikoreshwa na Bauer murwego rwa Radiyo Absolute. Itangaza igihugu cyose mubwongereza ikoresheje Digital amajwi yerekana no kuri 1215 kHz MW.
Absolute radio-frequency channel number: Mumuyoboro wa selire ya GSM, numero yuzuye ya radiyo- yumurongo wa numero ( ARFCN ) ni code yerekana itumanaho rya radiyo yumubiri ikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza no kwakirwa muri sisitemu ya radiyo igendanwa, imwe kuri signal ya uplink nimwe yo kumanura. ARFCNs ya GSM isobanuwe mubisobanuro 45.005 Icyiciro 2. Hariho nubundi buryo butandukanye bwa gahunda yo kubara nomero ya ARFCN ikoreshwa kubindi sisitemu itari GSM. Imwe murugero nk'urwo ni sisitemu ya TETRA ifite 25 kHz itandukanya umuyoboro kandi ikoresha imirongo fatizo itandukanye yo kubara.
Reach (advertising): nMu mibare yimibare mukwamamaza no gusesengura itangazamakuru, kugeraho bivuga umubare rusange wabantu cyangwa ingo zitandukanye zagaragaye, byibuze rimwe, mugihe giciriritse mugihe runaka. Kugera ntibigomba kwitiranywa numubare wabantu bazagaragaraho kandi bakarya iyamamaza, nubwo. Numubare wabantu bahura nuburyo rero bafite amahirwe yo kubona cyangwa kumva amatangazo cyangwa kwamamaza. Kugera bishobora kuvugwa nkumubare wuzuye, cyangwa nkigice cyabaturage runaka.
Transition state theory: Inzibacyuho ya leta yinzibacyuho ( TST ) isobanura igipimo cyibisubizo byimiti yibanze. Igitekerezo gifata ubwoko bwihariye bwimiti iringaniza (quasi-equilibrium) hagati yimyitwarire hamwe ninzibacyuho ya leta ikora.
Homogeneous function: Mu mibare, imikorere ya homogeneous imwe nimwe ifite imyitwarire yo kugwiza kugwiza: niba ingingo zayo zose zigwijwe nikintu, noneho agaciro kayo kagwizwa nimbaraga zimwe ziki kintu.
Absolute space and time: Umwanya n'umwanya byuzuye ni igitekerezo muri fiziki na filozofiya kubyerekeye imiterere yisi. Muri fiziki, umwanya wuzuye nigihe gishobora kuba ikintu cyatoranijwe.
Refractive index: Muri optique, indangantego yikintu cyibintu numubare utagira urugero usobanura uburyo urumuri rwihuta rugenda mubintu. Byasobanuwe nk
Refractory period (physiology): Kuvunika ni umutungo wibanze wikintu icyo aricyo cyose cyimiterere ya autowave kugirango udasubiza kubitekerezo, niba ikintu kigumye muburyo bwihariye bwo kwanga . Mubisanzwe, igihe cyo guhindagurika nigihe kiranga igihe cyo gukira, igihe kijyanye no kugenda kwishusho yibishusho kumashami yibumoso ya isocline .
Retraction (topology): Muri topologiya, ishami ryimibare, gusubira inyuma ni ugukomeza gushushanya kuva mumiterere ya topologiya mukibanza kibika umwanya wibintu byose muricyo kibanza. Umwanya muto noneho witwa retract yumwanya wambere . Gusubira inyuma kwa deformasiyo ni ikarita ifata igitekerezo cyo guhora ugabanya umwanya mubutaka.
Absolute return: Kugaruka busesuye cyangwa gusa kugaruka ni ingero ya inyungu cyangwa igihombo ku nshingano ishoramari Nka A Ijanisha mukuru imari. Inshinga "absolute \" ikoreshwa mugushimangira itandukaniro ningamba zo kugaruka ugereranije akenshi zikoreshwa namafaranga maremare gusa atemerewe kugira uruhare mugurisha mugufi.
Absolute return (disambiguation): Busesuye kugaruka ni ijambo by'imari gukoreshwa gupima inyungu cyangwa igihombo ku nshingano ishoramari.
Absolute return: Kugaruka busesuye cyangwa gusa kugaruka ni ingero ya inyungu cyangwa igihombo ku nshingano ishoramari Nka A Ijanisha mukuru imari. Inshinga "absolute \" ikoreshwa mugushimangira itandukaniro ningamba zo kugaruka ugereranije akenshi zikoreshwa namafaranga maremare gusa atemerewe kugira uruhare mugurisha mugufi.
Prima facie right: Uburenganzira bwibanze bwibanze nuburenganzira bushobora kurenza ibindi bitekerezo. Irahagaze itandukanye nuburenganzira busesuye , budashobora kurengerwa nikintu icyo aricyo cyose. Bamwe mu banditsi bafata uburenganzira busesuye nkuburenganzira bwibanze, ariko bumwe budashobora kurengerwa mubihe byose bishoboka. Ikomeza kandi gushimangirwa ko abagabo bose bahora bafite uburenganzira bwibanze bwubwisanzure, umutekano, nubuzima ariko ntabwo ari uburenganzira nyabwo niba hari uburenganzira bukomeye bwa prima isura cyangwa ibitekerezo byigenga birenze. Igikorwa gishobora nanone kubonwa nkibisobanuro byukuri ariko bikabonwa mubandi nkibisanzwe.
Absolute risk: Ibyago rwose nibishoboka cyangwa amahirwe yibyabaye. Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa kumubare wibyabaye mumatsinda, ugabanijwe numubare wabantu muriryo tsinda.
Risk aversion: Mu bukungu n'imari, kwirinda ingaruka ni ugukunda abantu guhitamo ibisubizo bitazwi neza kuri ibyo bisubizo bafite ukutamenya gukomeye, kabone niyo impuzandengo y'ibisubizo byanyuma bingana cyangwa birenze agaciro k'ifaranga kuruta ibisubizo bimwe. Kwanga ibyago bisobanura ubushake bwo kwemeranya nikibazo giteganijwe mbere, ariko birashoboka ko umushahara muto, aho kuba ikindi kibazo gifite umushahara utateganijwe, ariko birashoboka ko uzishyurwa cyane. Kurugero, umushoramari wirinda ingaruka ashobora guhitamo gushyira amafaranga yabo kuri konte ya banki hamwe ninyungu ntoya ariko yizewe, aho kuyishyira mubigega bishobora kuba byitezwe cyane, ariko kandi bikubiyemo amahirwe yo gutakaza agaciro.