HIV/AIDS denialism

AIDS (computer virus): SIDA ni virusi ya mudasobwa yanditse muri Turbo Pascal 3.01a yandika dosiye za COM. SIDA ni virusi ya mbere izwiho gukoresha intege nke za MS-DOS "dosiye ihuye \". Mu MS-DOS, niba byombi foo.com na foo.exe Uriho, hanyuma foo.com azahora yicwa mbere. Rero, mugukora dosiye zanduye com , code ya sida izahora ikorwa mbere yimikorere ya exe code.
Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories: Hagiye havuka ibitekerezo bitandukanye kugira ngo umuntu atekereze ku nkomoko y'izindi nkomoko ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA) hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency (SIDA) yanduye, aho bivugwa ko biterwa no guhura n'impanuka ku bikorwa byitwa ko bifite intego. Iperereza niperereza byinshi byakozwe nkigisubizo, kandi buri kimwe muri ibyo bitekerezo cyiyemeje gushingira ku makuru adafite ishingiro kandi / cyangwa ibinyoma. Virusi itera SIDA yagaragaye ko yavuye cyangwa ifitanye isano ya hafi na virusi ya immunodeficiency ya simiyani (SIV) muri Afurika yo mu Burengerazuba bwo hagati mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. VIH yavumbuwe mu myaka ya za 1980 n'umuhanga mu Bufaransa Luc Montagnier. Mbere ya za 1980, virusi itera SIDA yari indwara yica itazwi.
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories: Hagiye havuka ibitekerezo bitandukanye kugira ngo umuntu atekereze ku nkomoko y'izindi nkomoko ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA) hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency (SIDA) yanduye, aho bivugwa ko biterwa no guhura n'impanuka ku bikorwa byitwa ko bifite intego. Iperereza niperereza byinshi byakozwe nkigisubizo, kandi buri kimwe muri ibyo bitekerezo cyiyemeje gushingira ku makuru adafite ishingiro kandi / cyangwa ibinyoma. Virusi itera SIDA yagaragaye ko yavuye cyangwa ifitanye isano ya hafi na virusi ya immunodeficiency ya simiyani (SIV) muri Afurika yo mu Burengerazuba bwo hagati mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. VIH yavumbuwe mu myaka ya za 1980 n'umuhanga mu Bufaransa Luc Montagnier. Mbere ya za 1980, virusi itera SIDA yari indwara yica itazwi.
Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories: Hagiye havuka ibitekerezo bitandukanye kugira ngo umuntu atekereze ku nkomoko y'izindi nkomoko ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA) hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency (SIDA) yanduye, aho bivugwa ko biterwa no guhura n'impanuka ku bikorwa byitwa ko bifite intego. Iperereza niperereza byinshi byakozwe nkigisubizo, kandi buri kimwe muri ibyo bitekerezo cyiyemeje gushingira ku makuru adafite ishingiro kandi / cyangwa ibinyoma. Virusi itera SIDA yagaragaye ko yavuye cyangwa ifitanye isano ya hafi na virusi ya immunodeficiency ya simiyani (SIV) muri Afurika yo mu Burengerazuba bwo hagati mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. VIH yavumbuwe mu myaka ya za 1980 n'umuhanga mu Bufaransa Luc Montagnier. Mbere ya za 1980, virusi itera SIDA yari indwara yica itazwi.
HIV/AIDS in the United States: Icyorezo cya sida, cyatewe na virusi itera sida, cyerekeje muri Amerika guhera mu 1960, ariko cyagaragaye bwa mbere nyuma yuko abaganga bavumbuye udusimba twa sarcoma ya Kaposi na pneumocystis umusonga ku bagabo bahuje ibitsina i Los Angeles, mu mujyi wa New York, na San Francisco mu 1981. . Kuvura virusi itera SIDA hifashishijwe cyane cyane "ibiyobyabwenge cocktail \" by'imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi, na gahunda z'uburezi zifasha abantu kwirinda kwandura.
HIV/AIDS in Africa: VIH / SIDA yatangiriye muri Afurika mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 kandi ni ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange n'impamvu zitera urupfu mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika. Umubare wa sida uratandukanye cyane nubwo umubare munini wabantu bibanda muri Afrika yepfo. Nubwo uyu mugabane utuwe n'abantu bagera kuri 15.2 ku ijana by'abatuye isi, abarenga bibiri bya gatatu by'abanduye ku isi - abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 35 - bari Abanyafurika, muri bo miliyoni 15 bakaba barapfuye. Muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara honyine ni bo bagera kuri 69 ku ijana by'abantu bose banduye virusi itera SIDA na 70 ku ijana by'abantu bapfa banduye sida mu mwaka wa 2011. Mu bihugu byo muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara byibasiwe cyane, SIDA yazamuye umubare w'abantu bapfa kandi igabanya icyizere cyo kubaho mu bantu bakuze hagati imyaka 20 na 49 kumyaka hafi makumyabiri. Byongeye kandi, icyizere cyo kubaho mu bice byinshi bya Afurika kiragabanuka, ahanini biturutse ku cyorezo cya VIH / SIDA hamwe n'icyizere cyo kubaho mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bigera ku myaka mirongo itatu n'ine.
List of HIV/AIDS cases and deaths registered by region: nIyi ngingo irerekana urutonde rwa virusi itera SIDA rwanditswe kandi rwanditswe mukarere ka raporo. Karere ashobora kwerekeza mu gihugu cyangwa subdivision, inyandiko y'igihugu SIDA akenshi kugorana ituzuye cyangwa kitariho. Uru rutonde rwanditswe gusa, ntabwo arirwo rubanza rugereranijwe. Imibare yagereranijwe iratandukanye muburyo bugaragara: ibigereranyo birahari mubice byose mumyaka yose bitandukanye nibyanditswe bikomeye, kandi ibigereranyo bigerageza kugereranya icyorezo mugihe cyubu, mugihe imanza zanditswe / zanditse ziri inyuma yumurongo, zifite igihe cyo gutahura no guhagararira ibyahise aho kuba ibihe byubu.
AIDS-defining clinical condition: Indwara zisobanura sida ni urutonde rw'indwara zashyizwe ahagaragara n'ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC) zifitanye isano na sida, kandi zikoreshwa ku isi hose nk'umurongo ngenderwaho mu gusuzuma sida. CDC ikoresha gusa ijambo sida isobanura imiterere yubuvuzi , ariko andi magambo akomeza gukoreshwa.
AIDS-defining clinical condition: Indwara zisobanura sida ni urutonde rw'indwara zashyizwe ahagaragara n'ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC) zifitanye isano na sida, kandi zikoreshwa ku isi hose nk'umurongo ngenderwaho mu gusuzuma sida. CDC ikoresha gusa ijambo sida isobanura imiterere yubuvuzi , ariko andi magambo akomeza gukoreshwa.
AIDS-defining clinical condition: Indwara zisobanura sida ni urutonde rw'indwara zashyizwe ahagaragara n'ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC) zifitanye isano na sida, kandi zikoreshwa ku isi hose nk'umurongo ngenderwaho mu gusuzuma sida. CDC ikoresha gusa ijambo sida isobanura imiterere yubuvuzi , ariko andi magambo akomeza gukoreshwa.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: Indwara ziterwa na virusi itera sida ( HAND ) ni indwara zifata ubwonko zijyanye no kwandura virusi itera sida na sida. Ni syndrome yo kwangirika buhoro buhoro kwibuka, kumenya, imyitwarire, n'imikorere ya moteri kubantu banduye virusi itera sida mugihe cyanyuma cyindwara, mugihe ubudahangarwa bukabije. UKUBOKO gushobora kubamo indwara zifata ubwonko butandukanye. Indwara ziterwa na virusi itera sida zifitanye isano na metabolike encephalopathie iterwa no kwandura virusi itera sida kandi iterwa no gukingira indwara ya macrophage na microglia. Izi selile zanduye cyane virusi itera sida kandi zisohora neurotoxine zombi zakira ndetse na virusi. Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga virusi itera sida (HAD) ni uguhagarika ubumuga bwo kutamenya buherekejwe no gukora nabi moteri, ibibazo byo kuvuga no guhindura imyitwarire. Ubumuga bwo kutamenya burangwa no gutinda mu mutwe, ibibazo byo kwibuka no kwibanda cyane. Ibimenyetso bya moteri birimo gutakaza igenzura ryiza rya moteri biganisha ku guhungabana, kuringaniza nabi no guhinda umushyitsi. Guhindura imyitwarire birashobora kubamo kutitabira ubutumwa, ubunebwe no kugabanya ibisubizo byamarangamutima no kwizana. Histopathologique, igaragazwa no kwinjira muri monocytes na macrophage muri sisitemu yo hagati (CNS), gliose, pallor ya myelin sheaths, ibintu bidasanzwe byimikorere ya dendritic no gutakaza ubwonko.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: Indwara ziterwa na virusi itera sida ( HAND ) ni indwara zifata ubwonko zijyanye no kwandura virusi itera sida na sida. Ni syndrome yo kwangirika buhoro buhoro kwibuka, kumenya, imyitwarire, n'imikorere ya moteri kubantu banduye virusi itera sida mugihe cyanyuma cyindwara, mugihe ubudahangarwa bukabije. UKUBOKO gushobora kubamo indwara zifata ubwonko butandukanye. Indwara ziterwa na virusi itera sida zifitanye isano na metabolike encephalopathie iterwa no kwandura virusi itera sida kandi iterwa no gukingira indwara ya macrophage na microglia. Izi selile zanduye cyane virusi itera sida kandi zisohora neurotoxine zombi zakira ndetse na virusi. Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga virusi itera sida (HAD) ni uguhagarika ubumuga bwo kutamenya buherekejwe no gukora nabi moteri, ibibazo byo kuvuga no guhindura imyitwarire. Ubumuga bwo kutamenya burangwa no gutinda mu mutwe, ibibazo byo kwibuka no kwibanda cyane. Ibimenyetso bya moteri birimo gutakaza igenzura ryiza rya moteri biganisha ku guhungabana, kuringaniza nabi no guhinda umushyitsi. Guhindura imyitwarire birashobora kubamo kutitabira ubutumwa, ubunebwe no kugabanya ibisubizo byamarangamutima no kwizana. Histopathologique, igaragazwa no kwinjira muri monocytes na macrophage muri sisitemu yo hagati (CNS), gliose, pallor ya myelin sheaths, ibintu bidasanzwe byimikorere ya dendritic no gutakaza ubwonko.
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism in South Africa: Muri Afurika y'Epfo, guhakana virusi itera SIDA byagize ingaruka zikomeye kuri politiki y'ubuzima rusange kuva mu 1999 kugeza 2008, ku butegetsi bwa Thabo Mbeki. Mbeki yanenze ubwumvikane buke mu bya siyansi ivuga ko virusi itera SIDA itangira nyuma gato yo gutorerwa kuba perezida. Mu 2000, yateguye akanama ngishwanama ka Perezida ku bijyanye na virusi itera SIDA harimo n'abahanga benshi bahakana ko virusi itera SIDA.
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
Management of HIV/AIDS: Imicungire ya virusi itera SIDA ubusanzwe ikubiyemo gukoresha imiti myinshi igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA mu rwego rwo kurwanya virusi itera SIDA. Hariho ibyiciro byinshi byimiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi ikora mubyiciro bitandukanye byubuzima bwa virusi itera sida. Gukoresha imiti myinshi ikora ku ntego zitandukanye za virusi izwi nko kuvura virusi itera virusi ( HAART ). HAART igabanya umutwaro wose wumurwayi wa virusi itera sida, ikomeza imikorere yubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, kandi ikarinda kwandura amahirwe akunze gutera urupfu. HAART irinda kandi kwandura virusi itera sida hagati y'igitsina kimwe na serodiscordant bahuje igitsina ndetse n'abo mudahuje igitsina mu gihe cyose virusi itera SIDA ikomeje kwanduza virusi itamenyekana.
Management of HIV/AIDS: Imicungire ya virusi itera SIDA ubusanzwe ikubiyemo gukoresha imiti myinshi igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA mu rwego rwo kurwanya virusi itera SIDA. Hariho ibyiciro byinshi byimiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi ikora mubyiciro bitandukanye byubuzima bwa virusi itera sida. Gukoresha imiti myinshi ikora ku ntego zitandukanye za virusi izwi nko kuvura virusi itera virusi ( HAART ). HAART igabanya umutwaro wose wumurwayi wa virusi itera sida, ikomeza imikorere yubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, kandi ikarinda kwandura amahirwe akunze gutera urupfu. HAART irinda kandi kwandura virusi itera sida hagati y'igitsina kimwe na serodiscordant bahuje igitsina ndetse n'abo mudahuje igitsina mu gihe cyose virusi itera SIDA ikomeje kwanduza virusi itamenyekana.
AIDS dysmorphic syndrome: Indwara ya sida dysmorphic syndrome , nanone yitwa embryopathie virusi itera sida , ni ihuriro ry'imiterere mibi yo mu maso igaragara ku bana banduye virusi itera sida. Imiterere yacyo nka syndrome ntivugwaho rumwe nabashakashatsi. Ibimenyetso bikunze kwandura virusi itera sida harimo candidiasis, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, hepatosplenomegaly, na lymphadenopathie.
Prevention of HIV/AIDS: Kwirinda virusi itera sida bivuga ibikorwa bigamije gukumira ikwirakwizwa rya virusi ya virusi itera SIDA. Uburyo bwo kwirinda virusi itera sida bushobora gukorwa n'abantu ku giti cyabo kugira ngo barengere ubuzima bwabo n'ubuzima bw'abo mu gace batuyemo, cyangwa bushobora gushyirwaho na guverinoma n'imiryango ishingiye ku baturage nka politiki y'ubuzima rusange.
AIDS education and training centers: SIDA, iterwa na virusi ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA), yabaye ikibazo cy'ubuzima ku isi hose, kandi harashakishwa inzira zitandukanye hagamijwe kurwanya ikwirakwizwa ry'indwara. Bumwe muri ubwo buryo bwo kugabanya ikwirakwizwa rya sida ni uburezi. Imiryango ifite umubare munini w'abantu banduye virusi itera sida ndetse n'abantu basuzumwe ko banduye sida ni sosiyete aho usanga inyigisho zerekeye iyo ndwara zigarukira gusa ku bitabaho kandi aho umuco n'umuco bivuguruzanya n'ubuvuzi bugezweho. Niyo mpamvu, uburezi n'amahugurwa bifite akamaro kanini kandi imiryango myinshi yashinzwe mumyaka 20 ishize. Amashyirahamwe aratandukanye bitewe na leta yatewe inkunga n'abikorera kandi / cyangwa bashirwaho nubuzima n'abaharanira imibereho. Amashyirahamwe atanga serivisi zitandukanye kuva ku nkunga y'imiryango n'abantu ku giti cyabo banduye iyi ndwara, amasomo mu masomo y'amasomo kuva ku mashuri abanza kugeza muri za kaminuza, ibikoresho bihari bigezweho ku iterambere rigezweho mu buvuzi.
AIDS epidemic:
HIV/AIDS in Africa: VIH / SIDA yatangiriye muri Afurika mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 kandi ni ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange n'impamvu zitera urupfu mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika. Umubare wa sida uratandukanye cyane nubwo umubare munini wabantu bibanda muri Afrika yepfo. Nubwo uyu mugabane utuwe n'abantu bagera kuri 15.2 ku ijana by'abatuye isi, abarenga bibiri bya gatatu by'abanduye ku isi - abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 35 - bari Abanyafurika, muri bo miliyoni 15 bakaba barapfuye. Muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara honyine ni bo bagera kuri 69 ku ijana by'abantu bose banduye virusi itera SIDA na 70 ku ijana by'abantu bapfa banduye sida mu mwaka wa 2011. Mu bihugu byo muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara byibasiwe cyane, SIDA yazamuye umubare w'abantu bapfa kandi igabanya icyizere cyo kubaho mu bantu bakuze hagati imyaka 20 na 49 kumyaka hafi makumyabiri. Byongeye kandi, icyizere cyo kubaho mu bice byinshi bya Afurika kiragabanuka, ahanini biturutse ku cyorezo cya VIH / SIDA hamwe n'icyizere cyo kubaho mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bigera ku myaka mirongo itatu n'ine.
HIV/AIDS in China: Virusi itera SIDA mu Bushinwa irashobora guturuka ku cyorezo cya mbere cya virusi itera SIDA (VIH) yamenyekanye bwa mbere mu 1989 mu batera inshinge ku mupaka w'Amajyepfo y'Ubushinwa. Imibare yatanzwe n'ikigo cy'Ubushinwa gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara, Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, na UNAIDS ivuga ko mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2018 mu Bushinwa hari abantu miliyoni 1.25 babana na virusi itera SIDA, aho banduye virusi 135.000 guhera mu 2017. Bivugwa ko banduye virusi itera SIDA / SIDA mu Bushinwa ni mike, ariko guverinoma y'Ubushinwa irateganya ko umubare w'abantu bandura buri mwaka uzakomeza kwiyongera.
HIV/AIDS in Africa: VIH / SIDA yatangiriye muri Afurika mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 kandi ni ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange n'impamvu zitera urupfu mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika. Umubare wa sida uratandukanye cyane nubwo umubare munini wabantu bibanda muri Afrika yepfo. Nubwo uyu mugabane utuwe n'abantu bagera kuri 15.2 ku ijana by'abatuye isi, abarenga bibiri bya gatatu by'abanduye ku isi - abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 35 - bari Abanyafurika, muri bo miliyoni 15 bakaba barapfuye. Muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara honyine ni bo bagera kuri 69 ku ijana by'abantu bose banduye virusi itera SIDA na 70 ku ijana by'abantu bapfa banduye sida mu mwaka wa 2011. Mu bihugu byo muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara byibasiwe cyane, SIDA yazamuye umubare w'abantu bapfa kandi igabanya icyizere cyo kubaho mu bantu bakuze hagati imyaka 20 na 49 kumyaka hafi makumyabiri. Byongeye kandi, icyizere cyo kubaho mu bice byinshi bya Afurika kiragabanuka, ahanini biturutse ku cyorezo cya VIH / SIDA hamwe n'icyizere cyo kubaho mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bigera ku myaka mirongo itatu n'ine.
HIV/AIDS in Thailand: Kuva VIH / SIDA yatangazwa bwa mbere muri Tayilande mu 1984, abantu bakuru 1.115.415 bari banduye guhera mu 2008, aho 585.830 bapfuye kuva mu 1984. 532.522 Abanya Tayilande babana na virusi itera SIDA mu 2008. Mu 2009, abantu bakuze banduye virusi itera SIDA bari 1.3%. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2016, Tayilande ni yo yanduye virusi itera SIDA mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya ku kigero cya 1,1 ku ijana, ikaba iya 40 mu bihugu 109 byanduye.
Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS: VIH / SIDA, cyangwa virusi ya immunodeficiency ya muntu, ifatwa nabanditsi bamwe icyorezo ku isi. Icyakora, OMS ikoresha ijambo 'icyorezo ku isi' mu gusobanura virusi itera SIDA. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2018, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 37.9 banduye virusi itera SIDA ku isi. Hari ku mpfu 770.000 kuva SIDA mu 2018. Mu 2015 Global umutwaro vy'icigwa Indwara, muri raporo yasohotse mu Lancet, bagera ko ihungabana SIDA wageze mu 1997 ku miliyoni 3.3 buri mwaka. Indwara ku isi yagabanutse vuba kuva mu 1997 kugeza 2005, igera kuri miliyoni 2.6 ku mwaka, ariko yagumye ihagaze neza kuva 2005 kugeza 2015.
AIDS fatigue: Umunaniro wa sida ni ibintu aho abantu cyangwa sosiyete bari bahangayikishijwe n'ingaruka za virusi itera SIDA cyangwa sida baterwa inkunga yo kugira amarangamutima akomeye ku bibazo bya virusi itera sida nyuma yo guhabwa ubutumwa buhoraho ku kaga mu gihe kirekire.
History of HIV/AIDS: SIDA iterwa na virusi ikingira indwara (virusi itera SIDA), yatangiriye muri primates zitari abantu muri Afurika yo Hagati n'Uburengerazuba. Mu gihe amatsinda atandukanye ya virusi yanduye abantu mu bihe bitandukanye, icyorezo ku isi cyagize inkomoko mu kuvuka ubwoko bumwe - itsinda rya VIH-1 M - i Léopoldville muri Kongo y'Ababiligi mu myaka ya za 1920.
Innate resistance to HIV: Umubare muto wabantu werekana igice cyangwa bigaragara ko byuzuye bivura virusi itera sida , virusi itera sida. Uburyo nyamukuru ni ihinduka rya gene ikubiyemo CCR5, ikora nka reseptor ya virusi itera SIDA. Bigereranijwe ko umubare w'abantu bafite uburyo runaka bwo kurwanya virusi itera SIDA uri munsi ya 10%.
HIV/AIDS in Africa: VIH / SIDA yatangiriye muri Afurika mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 kandi ni ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange n'impamvu zitera urupfu mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika. Umubare wa sida uratandukanye cyane nubwo umubare munini wabantu bibanda muri Afrika yepfo. Nubwo uyu mugabane utuwe n'abantu bagera kuri 15.2 ku ijana by'abatuye isi, abarenga bibiri bya gatatu by'abanduye ku isi - abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 35 - bari Abanyafurika, muri bo miliyoni 15 bakaba barapfuye. Muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara honyine ni bo bagera kuri 69 ku ijana by'abantu bose banduye virusi itera SIDA na 70 ku ijana by'abantu bapfa banduye sida mu mwaka wa 2011. Mu bihugu byo muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara byibasiwe cyane, SIDA yazamuye umubare w'abantu bapfa kandi igabanya icyizere cyo kubaho mu bantu bakuze hagati imyaka 20 na 49 kumyaka hafi makumyabiri. Byongeye kandi, icyizere cyo kubaho mu bice byinshi bya Afurika kiragabanuka, ahanini biturutse ku cyorezo cya VIH / SIDA hamwe n'icyizere cyo kubaho mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bigera ku myaka mirongo itatu n'ine.
HIV/AIDS in the United States: Icyorezo cya sida, cyatewe na virusi itera sida, cyerekeje muri Amerika guhera mu 1960, ariko cyagaragaye bwa mbere nyuma yuko abaganga bavumbuye udusimba twa sarcoma ya Kaposi na pneumocystis umusonga ku bagabo bahuje ibitsina i Los Angeles, mu mujyi wa New York, na San Francisco mu 1981. . Kuvura virusi itera SIDA hifashishijwe cyane cyane "ibiyobyabwenge cocktail \" by'imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi, na gahunda z'uburezi zifasha abantu kwirinda kwandura.
HIV/AIDS in Asia: Mu mwaka wa 2008, abantu miliyoni 4.7 bo muri Aziya babanaga na virusi itera SIDA. Icyorezo cya Aziya cyageze mu myaka ya za 90 rwagati, kandi ababana na virusi itera SIDA bagabanutse kuva icyo gihe barenga kimwe cya kabiri. Mu karere, icyorezo cyagumye gihagaze neza kuva 2000.
HIV/AIDS in Australia: Amateka ya VIH / SIDA muri Ositaraliya aratandukanye, kubera ko inzego za leta za Ositaraliya zamenye kandi zigasubiza icyorezo cya SIDA mu buryo bwihuse, hashyizwe mu bikorwa gahunda nziza yo gukumira indwara na gahunda z'ubuzima rusange, nka gahunda za inshinge na syringe (NSPs). Kubera iyo mpamvu, nubwo umubare munini w'abagize itsinda ryugarijwe n'ubwandu banduye virusi mu gihe cya mbere nyuma y'ivumburwa ryayo, igihugu cyagezeho kandi kigumana umubare muto w'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA ugereranije n'isi yose.
HIV/AIDS in Botswana: Botswana ifite kimwe mu byorezo bikabije bya virusi itera SIDA ku isi. Ikigereranyo cy'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA mu bantu bakuze bafite hagati y'imyaka 15 na 49 ni 24.8 ku ijana, kikaba ari icya gatatu ku isi, nyuma ya Lesotho na Eswatini. VIH / SIDA ibangamiye inyungu nyinshi z'iterambere Botswana imaze kugeraho kuva yigenga mu 1966, harimo izamuka ry'ubukungu, umutekano wa politiki, izamuka ry'icyizere cyo kubaho, ndetse no gushyiraho uburyo bukoreshwa mu burezi n'ubuzima rusange.
HIV/AIDS in Botswana: Botswana ifite kimwe mu byorezo bikabije bya virusi itera SIDA ku isi. Ikigereranyo cy'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA mu bantu bakuze bafite hagati y'imyaka 15 na 49 ni 24.8 ku ijana, kikaba ari icya gatatu ku isi, nyuma ya Lesotho na Eswatini. VIH / SIDA ibangamiye inyungu nyinshi z'iterambere Botswana imaze kugeraho kuva yigenga mu 1966, harimo izamuka ry'ubukungu, umutekano wa politiki, izamuka ry'icyizere cyo kubaho, ndetse no gushyiraho uburyo bukoreshwa mu burezi n'ubuzima rusange.
HIV/AIDS in Brazil: Ikibazo cya mbere cya SIDA cyagaragaye muri Berezile ni mu 1982. Umubare w'abanduye wiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara mu myaka ya za 1980, naho mu 1990 Banki y'Isi izwi cyane ko yahanuye abantu 1.200.000 mu 2000, ikubye hafi inshuro ebyiri umubare waje gutangazwa nyuma na Minisiteri y'Ubuzima ya Berezile ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga. amashyirahamwe. Amajyepfo n'Amajyepfo y'Iburasirazuba bifite 75% cyangwa birenga by'iyi ndwara. Amajyaruguru y'Uburasirazuba afite 33% by'abaturage ariko 10% gusa bya sida.
HIV/AIDS in Canada: VIH / SIDA yagaragaye bwa mbere muri Kanada mu 1982. Muri 2018, muri Kanada hari abantu bagera ku 62.050 babana na virusi itera SIDA. Byagereranijwe ko mu mwaka wa 2018. abantu 8.300 babanaga na virusi itera SIDA batamenyekanye. Abapfuye baragabanutse kubera iterambere ry'ubuvuzi barwanya virusi itera SIDA, cyane cyane imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA (HAART).
HIV/AIDS in India: n VIH / SIDA mu Buhinde ni icyorezo. Ishami ry'igihugu rishinzwe kurwanya SIDA (NACO) ryagereranije ko miliyoni 2.14 z'abantu babana na virusi itera SIDA mu Buhinde mu 2017. N'ubwo mu gihugu cya gatatu mu bihugu bifite umubare munini w'abantu banduye virusi itera SIDA ku isi, umubare w'ababana na virusi itera SIDA mu Buhinde uri munsi ugereranyije n'uwo y'ibindi bihugu byinshi. Mu mwaka wa 2016, Ubuhinde bwanduye SIDA bugera kuri 0,30% - ni bwo bwa 80 ku isi. Kuvura virusi itera SIDA ahanini binyuze muri \ "ibiyobyabwenge cocktail \" by'imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi na gahunda yo kwigisha bifasha abantu kwirinda kwandura.
HIV/AIDS in Japan: Virusi itera SIDA mu Buyapani yamenyekanye nk'ikibazo gikomeye cy'ubuzima mu myaka yashize. Icyakora, imyumvire muri rusange mu baturage b'Ubuyapani ku bijyanye n'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, harimo na virusi itera SIDA, iracyari hasi.
HIV/AIDS in Latin America: VIH / SIDA ni ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange muri Amerika y'Epfo kubera ko iyi ndwara ikomeje kugaragara. Muri 2018 abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 2.2 banduye virusi itera sida muri Amerika y'Epfo no muri Karayibe, bituma umubare w'ababana na virusi itera SIDA ugera kuri 0.4% muri Amerika y'Epfo.
HIV/AIDS in New York City: Umujyi wa New York wibasiwe n'icyorezo cya SIDA cyo mu myaka ya za 1980 kurusha indi mijyi yo muri Amerika. Icyorezo cya SIDA cyahoze kandi gikomeje kuba ahantu henshi kubera ibintu byinshi bigoye by'imibereho n'umuco bigira ingaruka ku mikoranire y'abaturage benshi batuye i New York.
HIV/AIDS in South Africa: VIH / SIDA ni kimwe mu bibazo by'ubuzima muri Afurika yepfo. Nk'uko imibare y'umuryango w'abibumbye yo mu 2019 ibigaragaza, iki gihugu gifite umubare munini w'abantu banduye virusi itera SIDA mu gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose, ndetse n'umwanya wa kane mu banduye virusi itera SIDA.
HIV/AIDS in Eswatini: VIH / SIDA muri Eswatini byavuzwe bwa mbere mu 1986 ariko kuva aho bigeze ku cyorezo. Kugeza mu 2016, Eswatini ni yo yanduye virusi itera SIDA mu bantu bakuze bafite hagati ya 15 na 49 ku isi (27.2%).
HIV/AIDS in Taiwan: Icyorezo cya Tayiwani cyanduye virusi itera SIDA cyatangiriye ku rubanza rwa mbere rwatangajwe mu Kuboza 1984. Ku ya 17 Ukuboza 1990, guverinoma yatangaje itegeko ryo gukumira no kurwanya SIDA. Ku ya 11 Nyakanga 2007, itegeko ryo gukumira no kurwanya SIDA ryiswe itegeko rigenga kurwanya virusi itera SIDA no kurengera uburenganzira bw'abarwayi.
HIV/AIDS in Thailand: Kuva VIH / SIDA yatangazwa bwa mbere muri Tayilande mu 1984, abantu bakuru 1.115.415 bari banduye guhera mu 2008, aho 585.830 bapfuye kuva mu 1984. 532.522 Abanya Tayilande babana na virusi itera SIDA mu 2008. Mu 2009, abantu bakuze banduye virusi itera SIDA bari 1.3%. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2016, Tayilande ni yo yanduye virusi itera SIDA mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya ku kigero cya 1,1 ku ijana, ikaba iya 40 mu bihugu 109 byanduye.
HIV/AIDS in the United States: Icyorezo cya sida, cyatewe na virusi itera sida, cyerekeje muri Amerika guhera mu 1960, ariko cyagaragaye bwa mbere nyuma yuko abaganga bavumbuye udusimba twa sarcoma ya Kaposi na pneumocystis umusonga ku bagabo bahuje ibitsina i Los Angeles, mu mujyi wa New York, na San Francisco mu 1981. . Kuvura virusi itera SIDA hifashishijwe cyane cyane "ibiyobyabwenge cocktail \" by'imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi, na gahunda z'uburezi zifasha abantu kwirinda kwandura.
HIV/AIDS in Uganda: Umubare munini cyane w'ubwandu bwa virusi itera sida wagaragaye muri Uganda mu myaka ya za 1980 ndetse no mu ntangiriro ya za 90 byatumye abantu bakeneye byihutirwa kumenya virusi itera SIDA. Amahitamo yonyine bahabwa yatanzwe n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe gutanga amaraso, gikora ibizamini bisanzwe bya sida ku maraso yose yatanzwe hagamijwe guterwa. Gukenera cyane kwipimisha no kugirwa inama byatumye itsinda ryimiryango itegamiye kuri leta nka Sosiyete ishinzwe kurwanya SIDA (TASO), Croix-Rouge ya Uganda, kwita ku rugo rwa Nsambya, Banki nkuru y'amaraso, Ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi cya virusi ya Uganda hamwe na Minisiteri. Ubuzima bushiraho ikigo gishinzwe amakuru kuri sida mu 1990. Uyu muryango wakoze gutanga serivisi zipimisha virusi itera sida hamwe n'ubujyanama kandi byemewe n'umukiriya wabigizemo uruhare.
HIV/AIDS in Yunnan: Repubulika y'Ubushinwa yanduye bwa mbere virusi itera SIDA yamenyekanye mu 1985 mu mukerarugendo ugiye gupfa. Mu 1989, abantu ba mbere b'abasangwabutaka bavuze ko ari icyorezo mu bantu 146 banduye ibiyobyabwenge bya heroine mu ntara ya Yunnan, hafi y'umupaka w'amajyepfo y'Uburengerazuba.
HIV and pregnancy: VIH mu gihe cyo gutwita niho hari virusi itera SIDA ku mugore igihe atwite. Hariho ibyago byo kwandura virusi itera sida kuva ku mubyeyi kugeza ku mwana mu bihe bitatu by'ibanze: gutwita, kubyara, ndetse no konsa. Iyi ngingo ni ingenzi kuko ibyago byo kwandura virusi bishobora kugabanuka cyane hifashishijwe ubuvuzi bukwiye, kandi utabanje kuvurwa virusi itera SIDA irashobora gutera indwara n'urupfu ku babyeyi ndetse n'umwana. Ibi bigaragazwa n'amakuru yatanzwe n'ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya indwara (CDC): Muri Amerika na Porto Rico hagati y'umwaka wa 2014-2017, aho usanga ubuvuzi mbere yo kubyara bushobora kuboneka, muri Amerika no muri Porto Rico hari impinja 10.257 bahuye n'ubwandu bwa virusi itera sida muri utero batanduye na 244 bagaragaje impinja zanduye.
Infectious diseases within American prisons: Indwara zandura muri Amerika ikosora ni impungenge murwego rwubuzima rusange. Abakosora bakunze kwibasirwa n'indwara zandura binyuze mu guhura n'amaraso n'andi mazi yose yo mu mubiri, gutera inshinge, ubuvuzi bubi, ubucucike bukabije bwa gereza, demografiya, ibibazo by'umutekano, kubura inkunga y'abaturage muri gahunda zo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, n'imyitwarire ishobora guteza akaga. Ikwirakwizwa ry'indwara zandura, nka virusi itera SIDA n'izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, hepatite C (HCV), hepatite B (HBV), n'igituntu, bituruka ahanini ku kugabana inshinge, gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, no guhuza ibitsina ku bwumvikane kandi butumvikanyweho mu mfungwa. VIH na hepatite C bakeneye kwitabwaho cyane kubera ibibazo byubuzima rusange byubuzima nibibazo bahagurutsa.
HIV/AIDS in the Philippines: Ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA muri Filipine bushobora kuba buke ariko bukura vuba. Ikigereranyo cy'ababana na virusi itera SIDA muri iki gihugu gikomeje kuba 0.1% by'abaturage bose mu mwaka wa 2019. Abanyafilipine bafite kimwe mu bipimo by'ubwandu buke, nyamara kikaba gifite kimwe mu byiyongera cyane ku isi. Philippines ni kimwe mu bihugu birindwi bifite ubwiyongere bw'imibare irenga 25%, kuva 2001 kugeza 2009.
HIV/AIDS in Russia: Abahanga bavuga ko mu mwaka wa 2016 umubare w'abantu banduye virusi itera SIDA uzaba uri hagati ya miliyoni 0.85 na miliyoni 1.5. Ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA ku bantu bakuze buri hagati ya 0.8 na 1%. Loni ivuga ko Uburusiya bufite kimwe mu byorezo byanduye virusi itera SIDA ku isi. Abarusiya bagera ku 95.000 ni bo basuzumwe virusi itera SIDA mu 2015, naho abagera ku 75.000 mu mezi icyenda ya mbere ya 2016. Agasuzuguro gakikije iyi ndwara, ndetse no kutitaho kwa leta byagize uruhare mu kibazo. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2016 icyorezo cya SIDA, nubwo cyagenze neza ku bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge biva mu mitsi, cyari cyiteguye kwimukira mu baturage muri rusange b'urubyiruko rukora imibonano mpuzabitsina.
HIV/AIDS in the United States: Icyorezo cya sida, cyatewe na virusi itera sida, cyerekeje muri Amerika guhera mu 1960, ariko cyagaragaye bwa mbere nyuma yuko abaganga bavumbuye udusimba twa sarcoma ya Kaposi na pneumocystis umusonga ku bagabo bahuje ibitsina i Los Angeles, mu mujyi wa New York, na San Francisco mu 1981. . Kuvura virusi itera SIDA hifashishijwe cyane cyane "ibiyobyabwenge cocktail \" by'imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi, na gahunda z'uburezi zifasha abantu kwirinda kwandura.
HIV/AIDS in the United Kingdom: Virusi itera SIDA yamenyekanye bwa mbere mu 1981. Kugeza mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2018, mu Bwongereza abantu 160.493 ni bo basuzumwe virusi itera SIDA kandi abantu bagera ku 7.500 babana batanduye virusi itera SIDA. Isuzuma rishya ni ryinshi ku bagabo bahuje ibitsina / bahuje ibitsina, aho abagera kuri 51% by'isuzuma rishya bavuga ko abagabo bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina bahuje ibitsina ari inzira ishobora kwandura. Hagati ya 2009 na 2018 habaye igabanuka rya 32% mu gusuzuma virusi itera sida, biterwa n'ubuzima rusange bw'Ubwongereza (PHE) bitewe n'ubugenzuzi n'uburezi neza. PHE yasobanuye "icyorezo \" i Glasgow mu bantu batera ibiyobyabwenge, kandi ifite ubukangurambaga bwibasira abagabo baryamana n'abagabo i Londres no mu yindi mijyi minini. Londres niwo mujyi wa mbere ku isi wageze ku ntego y'umuryango w'ubuzima ku isi wanduye virusi itera SIDA, ushyirwa kuri 90% by'abanduye virusi itera sida, 90% by'abanduye HAART na 90% by'abari kuri HAART batamenyekana. Ubwongereza muri rusange nyuma bwageze ku ntego imwe. Mu itegeko ry'uburinganire 2010, birabujijwe kuvangura umuntu ukurikije uko virusi itera SIDA mu Bwongereza.
HIV/AIDS in the United States: Icyorezo cya sida, cyatewe na virusi itera sida, cyerekeje muri Amerika guhera mu 1960, ariko cyagaragaye bwa mbere nyuma yuko abaganga bavumbuye udusimba twa sarcoma ya Kaposi na pneumocystis umusonga ku bagabo bahuje ibitsina i Los Angeles, mu mujyi wa New York, na San Francisco mu 1981. . Kuvura virusi itera SIDA hifashishijwe cyane cyane "ibiyobyabwenge cocktail \" by'imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi, na gahunda z'uburezi zifasha abantu kwirinda kwandura.
Sexually transmitted infections in the pornography industry: Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina mu nganda zerekana porunogarafiya zivuga ku kibazo cy'umutekano w'akazi n'ubuzima mu nganda z'imibonano mpuzabitsina kwanduza indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs / STDs), cyane cyane virusi itera SIDA, bikaba byarabaye impungenge zikomeye kuva mu myaka ya za 1980, cyane cyane kubakinnyi ba firime yerekana porunogarafiya. Kuva 2004 kugeza 2009, habaruwe virusi itera sida 22 mu nganda zerekana porunogarafiya muri Amerika; hafi kimwe cya kabiri bari mubagabo bakora muri firime zabahuje ibitsina, ikindi gice ni abagabo nabagore bakora mubikorwa bidahuje igitsina.
HIV/AIDS: Indwara ya immunodeficiency yumuntu hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency ( VIH / SIDA ) ni ibintu bitandukanye biterwa no kwandura virusi ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA), retrovirus. Nyuma yo kwandura kwambere umuntu ntashobora kubona ibimenyetso, cyangwa ashobora guhura nigihe gito cyindwara zimeze nka grippe. Mubisanzwe, ibi bikurikirwa nigihe kirekire nta bimenyetso. Niba ubwandu bugenda butera imbere, bubangamira cyane sisitemu yubudahangarwa, bikongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara zisanzwe nkigituntu, kimwe nizindi ndwara zandurira mumahirwe, hamwe nibibyimba bitamenyerewe mubantu bafite imikorere isanzwe yubudahangarwa. Ibi bimenyetso bitinze byanduye byitwa syndrome de immunodeficiency (sida). Iki cyiciro akenshi kijyanye no kugabanya ibiro utabigambiriye.
Anti-LGBT rhetoric: Imvugo yo kurwanya LGBT ni insanganyamatsiko, amagambo asobanura, hamwe n'amagambo yakoreshejwe mu kurwanya kuryamana kw'abahuje igitsina cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo guhuza ibitsina bidahuje igitsina hagamijwe gutesha agaciro abantu bahuje ibitsina, abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, abahuje ibitsina, ndetse n'abagore bahuje ibitsina (LGBT). Zitandukanye no gusuzugura no gushimangira kwerekana inzangano zishingiye ku kuryamana kw'abahuje igitsina zishingiye ku idini, ubuvuzi, cyangwa imyitwarire. Nuburyo bwo kuvuga urwango bitemewe mubihugu nku Buholandi, Noruveje, na Suwede.
Management of HIV/AIDS: Imicungire ya virusi itera SIDA ubusanzwe ikubiyemo gukoresha imiti myinshi igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA mu rwego rwo kurwanya virusi itera SIDA. Hariho ibyiciro byinshi byimiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi ikora mubyiciro bitandukanye byubuzima bwa virusi itera sida. Gukoresha imiti myinshi ikora ku ntego zitandukanye za virusi izwi nko kuvura virusi itera virusi ( HAART ). HAART igabanya umutwaro wose wumurwayi wa virusi itera sida, ikomeza imikorere yubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, kandi ikarinda kwandura amahirwe akunze gutera urupfu. HAART irinda kandi kwandura virusi itera sida hagati y'igitsina kimwe na serodiscordant bahuje igitsina ndetse n'abo mudahuje igitsina mu gihe cyose virusi itera SIDA ikomeje kwanduza virusi itamenyekana.
Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS: Ikwirakwizwa rya virusi itera SIDA ryibasiye abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi; SIDA ifatwa nk'icyorezo. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) ryagereranije ko mu 2016 ku isi hari abantu miliyoni 36.7 babana na virusi itera SIDA, aho miliyoni 1.8 zanduye virusi itera SIDA ku mwaka na miliyoni imwe bapfa bazize SIDA. Imyumvire itari yo kuri virusi itera sida ituruka ahantu henshi hatandukanye, uhereye ku bujiji bworoshye no kutumva neza ubumenyi bwa siyansi bujyanye n'ubwandu bwa virusi itera sida ndetse n'impamvu itera SIDA kugeza ku makuru atari yo akwirakwizwa n'abantu ku giti cyabo hamwe n'amatsinda afite ibitekerezo by'ingengabitekerezo bihakana isano itera hagati y'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA n'iterambere rya SIDA . Hano hepfo urutonde nibisobanuro bya bimwe mubisanzwe bitari byo no kwanga kwabo.
Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS: Ikwirakwizwa rya virusi itera SIDA ryibasiye abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi; SIDA ifatwa nk'icyorezo. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) ryagereranije ko mu 2016 ku isi hari abantu miliyoni 36.7 babana na virusi itera SIDA, aho miliyoni 1.8 zanduye virusi itera SIDA ku mwaka na miliyoni imwe bapfa bazize SIDA. Imyumvire itari yo kuri virusi itera sida ituruka ahantu henshi hatandukanye, uhereye ku bujiji bworoshye no kutumva neza ubumenyi bwa siyansi bujyanye n'ubwandu bwa virusi itera sida ndetse n'impamvu itera SIDA kugeza ku makuru atari yo akwirakwizwa n'abantu ku giti cyabo hamwe n'amatsinda afite ibitekerezo by'ingengabitekerezo bihakana isano itera hagati y'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA n'iterambere rya SIDA . Hano hepfo urutonde nibisobanuro bya bimwe mubisanzwe bitari byo no kwanga kwabo.
History of HIV/AIDS: SIDA iterwa na virusi ikingira indwara (virusi itera SIDA), yatangiriye muri primates zitari abantu muri Afurika yo Hagati n'Uburengerazuba. Mu gihe amatsinda atandukanye ya virusi yanduye abantu mu bihe bitandukanye, icyorezo ku isi cyagize inkomoko mu kuvuka ubwoko bumwe - itsinda rya VIH-1 M - i Léopoldville muri Kongo y'Ababiligi mu myaka ya za 1920.
History of HIV/AIDS: SIDA iterwa na virusi ikingira indwara (virusi itera SIDA), yatangiriye muri primates zitari abantu muri Afurika yo Hagati n'Uburengerazuba. Mu gihe amatsinda atandukanye ya virusi yanduye abantu mu bihe bitandukanye, icyorezo ku isi cyagize inkomoko mu kuvuka ubwoko bumwe - itsinda rya VIH-1 M - i Léopoldville muri Kongo y'Ababiligi mu myaka ya za 1920.
History of HIV/AIDS: SIDA iterwa na virusi ikingira indwara (virusi itera SIDA), yatangiriye muri primates zitari abantu muri Afurika yo Hagati n'Uburengerazuba. Mu gihe amatsinda atandukanye ya virusi yanduye abantu mu bihe bitandukanye, icyorezo ku isi cyagize inkomoko mu kuvuka ubwoko bumwe - itsinda rya VIH-1 M - i Léopoldville muri Kongo y'Ababiligi mu myaka ya za 1920.
Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories: Hagiye havuka ibitekerezo bitandukanye kugira ngo umuntu atekereze ku nkomoko y'izindi nkomoko ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA) hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency (SIDA) yanduye, aho bivugwa ko biterwa no guhura n'impanuka ku bikorwa byitwa ko bifite intego. Iperereza niperereza byinshi byakozwe nkigisubizo, kandi buri kimwe muri ibyo bitekerezo cyiyemeje gushingira ku makuru adafite ishingiro kandi / cyangwa ibinyoma. Virusi itera SIDA yagaragaye ko yavuye cyangwa ifitanye isano ya hafi na virusi ya immunodeficiency ya simiyani (SIV) muri Afurika yo mu Burengerazuba bwo hagati mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. VIH yavumbuwe mu myaka ya za 1980 n'umuhanga mu Bufaransa Luc Montagnier. Mbere ya za 1980, virusi itera SIDA yari indwara yica itazwi.
Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories: Hagiye havuka ibitekerezo bitandukanye kugira ngo umuntu atekereze ku nkomoko y'izindi nkomoko ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA) hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency (SIDA) yanduye, aho bivugwa ko biterwa no guhura n'impanuka ku bikorwa byitwa ko bifite intego. Iperereza niperereza byinshi byakozwe nkigisubizo, kandi buri kimwe muri ibyo bitekerezo cyiyemeje gushingira ku makuru adafite ishingiro kandi / cyangwa ibinyoma. Virusi itera SIDA yagaragaye ko yavuye cyangwa ifitanye isano ya hafi na virusi ya immunodeficiency ya simiyani (SIV) muri Afurika yo mu Burengerazuba bwo hagati mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. VIH yavumbuwe mu myaka ya za 1980 n'umuhanga mu Bufaransa Luc Montagnier. Mbere ya za 1980, virusi itera SIDA yari indwara yica itazwi.
Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories: Hagiye havuka ibitekerezo bitandukanye kugira ngo umuntu atekereze ku nkomoko y'izindi nkomoko ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA) hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency (SIDA) yanduye, aho bivugwa ko biterwa no guhura n'impanuka ku bikorwa byitwa ko bifite intego. Iperereza niperereza byinshi byakozwe nkigisubizo, kandi buri kimwe muri ibyo bitekerezo cyiyemeje gushingira ku makuru adafite ishingiro kandi / cyangwa ibinyoma. Virusi itera SIDA yagaragaye ko yavuye cyangwa ifitanye isano ya hafi na virusi ya immunodeficiency ya simiyani (SIV) muri Afurika yo mu Burengerazuba bwo hagati mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20. VIH yavumbuwe mu myaka ya za 1980 n'umuhanga mu Bufaransa Luc Montagnier. Mbere ya za 1980, virusi itera SIDA yari indwara yica itazwi.
History of HIV/AIDS: SIDA iterwa na virusi ikingira indwara (virusi itera SIDA), yatangiriye muri primates zitari abantu muri Afurika yo Hagati n'Uburengerazuba. Mu gihe amatsinda atandukanye ya virusi yanduye abantu mu bihe bitandukanye, icyorezo ku isi cyagize inkomoko mu kuvuka ubwoko bumwe - itsinda rya VIH-1 M - i Léopoldville muri Kongo y'Ababiligi mu myaka ya za 1920.
AIDS orphan: Imfubyi ya sida ni umwana wabaye impfubyi kuko umubyeyi umwe cyangwa bombi bapfuye bazize sida.
AIDS orphan: Imfubyi ya sida ni umwana wabaye impfubyi kuko umubyeyi umwe cyangwa bombi bapfuye bazize sida.
Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS: VIH / SIDA, cyangwa virusi ya immunodeficiency ya muntu, ifatwa nabanditsi bamwe icyorezo ku isi. Icyakora, OMS ikoresha ijambo 'icyorezo ku isi' mu gusobanura virusi itera SIDA. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2018, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 37.9 banduye virusi itera SIDA ku isi. Hari ku mpfu 770.000 kuva SIDA mu 2018. Mu 2015 Global umutwaro vy'icigwa Indwara, muri raporo yasohotse mu Lancet, bagera ko ihungabana SIDA wageze mu 1997 ku miliyoni 3.3 buri mwaka. Indwara ku isi yagabanutse vuba kuva mu 1997 kugeza 2005, igera kuri miliyoni 2.6 ku mwaka, ariko yagumye ihagaze neza kuva 2005 kugeza 2015.
HIV/AIDS: Indwara ya immunodeficiency yumuntu hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency ( VIH / SIDA ) ni ibintu bitandukanye biterwa no kwandura virusi ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA), retrovirus. Nyuma yo kwandura kwambere umuntu ntashobora kubona ibimenyetso, cyangwa ashobora guhura nigihe gito cyindwara zimeze nka grippe. Mubisanzwe, ibi bikurikirwa nigihe kirekire nta bimenyetso. Niba ubwandu bugenda butera imbere, bubangamira cyane sisitemu yubudahangarwa, bikongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara zisanzwe nkigituntu, kimwe nizindi ndwara zandurira mumahirwe, hamwe nibibyimba bitamenyerewe mubantu bafite imikorere isanzwe yubudahangarwa. Ibi bimenyetso bitinze byanduye byitwa syndrome de immunodeficiency (sida). Iki cyiciro akenshi kijyanye no kugabanya ibiro utabigambiriye.
AIDS photo diary, 1986–1990: n \ n \ n Ifoto yerekana ifoto ya sida, 1986–1990 nigikorwa cyubuhanzi kigizwe nifoto yerekana ifoto yerekana igabanuka ryubuzima n'urupfu rwa David Tosh, kuva muri sida kuva 1986 kugeza 1990 i Sydney, Ositaraliya. Ikayi - hamwe n'amafoto aherekejwe na John Jenner - yakozwe na Jenner kugirango yibuke inshuti ye kandi yubahe ubuzima bwabantu babana na virusi itera SIDA. Bamwe images bari muri iyo ngingo ari mu bwiza Weekend kinyamakuru Sydney Morning Herald 's, 13 Ukwakira 1990, pp. 20-29.
AIDS photo diary, 1986–1990: n \ n \ n Ifoto yerekana ifoto ya sida, 1986–1990 nigikorwa cyubuhanzi kigizwe nifoto yerekana ifoto yerekana igabanuka ryubuzima n'urupfu rwa David Tosh, kuva muri sida kuva 1986 kugeza 1990 i Sydney, Ositaraliya. Ikayi - hamwe n'amafoto aherekejwe na John Jenner - yakozwe na Jenner kugirango yibuke inshuti ye kandi yubahe ubuzima bwabantu babana na virusi itera SIDA. Bamwe images bari muri iyo ngingo ari mu bwiza Weekend kinyamakuru Sydney Morning Herald 's, 13 Ukwakira 1990, pp. 20-29.
Prevention of HIV/AIDS: Kwirinda virusi itera sida bivuga ibikorwa bigamije gukumira ikwirakwizwa rya virusi ya virusi itera SIDA. Uburyo bwo kwirinda virusi itera sida bushobora gukorwa n'abantu ku giti cyabo kugira ngo barengere ubuzima bwabo n'ubuzima bw'abo mu gace batuyemo, cyangwa bushobora gushyirwaho na guverinoma n'imiryango ishingiye ku baturage nka politiki y'ubuzima rusange.
HIV/AIDS in China: Virusi itera SIDA mu Bushinwa irashobora guturuka ku cyorezo cya mbere cya virusi itera SIDA (VIH) yamenyekanye bwa mbere mu 1989 mu batera inshinge ku mupaka w'Amajyepfo y'Ubushinwa. Imibare yatanzwe n'ikigo cy'Ubushinwa gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara, Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, na UNAIDS ivuga ko mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2018 mu Bushinwa hari abantu miliyoni 1.25 babana na virusi itera SIDA, aho banduye virusi 135.000 guhera mu 2017. Bivugwa ko banduye virusi itera SIDA / SIDA mu Bushinwa ni mike, ariko guverinoma y'Ubushinwa irateganya ko umubare w'abantu bandura buri mwaka uzakomeza kwiyongera.
HIV/AIDS in Africa: VIH / SIDA yatangiriye muri Afurika mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 kandi ni ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange n'impamvu zitera urupfu mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika. Umubare wa sida uratandukanye cyane nubwo umubare munini wabantu bibanda muri Afrika yepfo. Nubwo uyu mugabane utuwe n'abantu bagera kuri 15.2 ku ijana by'abatuye isi, abarenga bibiri bya gatatu by'abanduye ku isi - abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 35 - bari Abanyafurika, muri bo miliyoni 15 bakaba barapfuye. Muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara honyine ni bo bagera kuri 69 ku ijana by'abantu bose banduye virusi itera SIDA na 70 ku ijana by'abantu bapfa banduye sida mu mwaka wa 2011. Mu bihugu byo muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara byibasiwe cyane, SIDA yazamuye umubare w'abantu bapfa kandi igabanya icyizere cyo kubaho mu bantu bakuze hagati imyaka 20 na 49 kumyaka hafi makumyabiri. Byongeye kandi, icyizere cyo kubaho mu bice byinshi bya Afurika kiragabanuka, ahanini biturutse ku cyorezo cya VIH / SIDA hamwe n'icyizere cyo kubaho mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bigera ku myaka mirongo itatu n'ine.
NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt: Umushinga W'AMAZINA Urwibutso rwa SIDA Urwibutso, rukunze kwitwa Urwibutso rwa SIDA cyangwa Igitanda cya SIDA, ni urwibutso runini rwo kwishimira ubuzima bw'abantu bapfuye bazize sida. Gupima toni zigera kuri 54, nigice kinini cyibikorwa rusange byabaturage ku isi guhera muri 2020.
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).
AIDS-related complex: Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya sida ( ARC ) cyatangijwe nyuma yo kuvumbura virusi itera sida igihe umuganga w'ubuvuzi yamenyaga ingorane zavukanye zijyanye no kuvura abarwayi barwaye virusi itera sida yateye ijambo ryanduye syndrome de sida (SIDA). Byari ngombwa ko abaganga bumva vuba kandi neza ibyifuzo by'abarwayi batazwi barwaye sida mu bihe by'ishami ryihutirwa byakemuwe hashyizweho ijambo ARC.
HIV/AIDS: Indwara ya immunodeficiency yumuntu hamwe na syndrome de immunodeficiency ( VIH / SIDA ) ni ibintu bitandukanye biterwa no kwandura virusi ya virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA), retrovirus. Nyuma yo kwandura kwambere umuntu ntashobora kubona ibimenyetso, cyangwa ashobora guhura nigihe gito cyindwara zimeze nka grippe. Mubisanzwe, ibi bikurikirwa nigihe kirekire nta bimenyetso. Niba ubwandu bugenda butera imbere, bubangamira cyane sisitemu yubudahangarwa, bikongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara zisanzwe nkigituntu, kimwe nizindi ndwara zandurira mumahirwe, hamwe nibibyimba bitamenyerewe mubantu bafite imikorere isanzwe yubudahangarwa. Ibi bimenyetso bitinze byanduye byitwa syndrome de immunodeficiency (sida). Iki cyiciro akenshi kijyanye no kugabanya ibiro utabigambiriye.
HIV/AIDS research: Ubushakashatsi bwa virusi itera SIDA bukubiyemo ubushakashatsi bwose bw'ubuvuzi bugerageza gukumira, kuvura, cyangwa gukiza virusi itera SIDA, ndetse n'ubushakashatsi bwibanze ku miterere ya virusi itera sida nk'umuntu wanduye na sida nk'indwara iterwa na virusi itera SIDA.
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses: Ubushakashatsi bwa sida na Retrovirus y'abantu ni ikinyamakuru cyasuzumwe n'urungano rwibanze ku bushakashatsi bwa virusi itera SIDA, ndetse no kuri virusi itera virusi n'indwara zifitanye isano nayo. Iki kinyamakuru cyashinzwe mu 1983 nk'ubushakashatsi bwa sida , kandi cyabonye izina ryacyo muri 1987. Cyanditswe na Mary Ann Liebert, kandi cyanditswe na Thomas Hope.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe allergie n'indwara zanduza ( NIAID ) ni kimwe mu bigo 27 n'ibigo bigizwe n'ikigo cy'igihugu cy'ubuzima (NIH), ikigo cy'ishami ry'ubuzima muri Amerika ryita ku buzima (HHS). Inshingano za NIAID nugukora ubushakashatsi bwibanze kandi bukoreshwa kugirango twumve neza, tuvure, kandi twirinde indwara zanduza, immunologique, na allergique.
HIV/AIDS denialism: Guhakana virusi itera SIDA ni ukwanga kwemeza ko virusi itera SIDA itera virusi itera sida, nubwo hari ibimenyetso simusiga. Bamwe mu bayishyigikiye banze ko virusi itera sida ibaho, abandi bakemera ko virusi itera SIDA ibaho ariko bakavuga ko ari virusi itwara abagenzi itagira ingaruka kandi atari yo itera SIDA. Mu gihe bemera ko SIDA ari indwara nyayo, bavuga ko biterwa no guhuza imyitwarire y'imibonano mpuzabitsina, ibiyobyabwenge byidagadura, imirire mibi, isuku nke, haemofilia, cyangwa ingaruka z'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA (virusi itera SIDA).