Acute tubular necrosis

Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta: Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta nindwara yumubiri . Nuburyo bukomeye bwa pityriasis lichenoides chronica. Indwara irangwa no kurwara no gukomeretsa bito ku ruhu. Indwara ikunze kugaragara ku bagabo kandi ubusanzwe ibaho mu myaka y'ubukure, nubwo yagaragaye mu byiciro byose no mu moko yose. Birashoboka ko indwara ijya gukira mugihe gito cyangwa ubuziraherezo.
Paronychia: Paronychia ni ugutwika uruhu ruzengurutse umusumari, rushobora kubaho gitunguranye, mugihe akenshi biterwa na bagiteri Staph. aureus , cyangwa buhoro buhoro iyo bikunze guterwa na Candida albicans . Ijambo riva mu kigereki: παρωνυχία riva mu gika , "hafi \", onyx , \ "umusumari \" hamwe n'izina risobanutse -ia .
Acute pericarditis: Indwara ya pericardite ikabije ni ubwoko bwa pericardite ikunze kumara ibyumweru bitarenze 6. Nibisanzwe bikunze kwibasira pericardium.
Paronychia: Paronychia ni ugutwika uruhu ruzengurutse umusumari, rushobora kubaho gitunguranye, mugihe akenshi biterwa na bagiteri Staph. aureus , cyangwa buhoro buhoro iyo bikunze guterwa na Candida albicans . Ijambo riva mu kigereki: παρωνυχία riva mu gika , "hafi \", onyx , \ "umusumari \" hamwe n'izina risobanutse -ia .
Peritonitis: Peritonite ni ugutwika peritoneum, umurongo w'urukuta rw'imbere rw'inda no gutwikira ingingo z'inda. Ibimenyetso bishobora kubamo ububabare bukabije, kubyimba inda, umuriro, cyangwa kugabanuka. Igice kimwe cyangwa inda yose irashobora kuba nziza. Ingorane zirashobora kuba zirimo guhungabana no guhumeka bikabije.
Pharyngitis: Indwara ya Pharyngitis ni ugutwika inyuma yu muhogo, izwi nka pharynx. Mubisanzwe bivamo uburibwe bwo mu muhogo no kugira umuriro. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo izuru ritemba, inkorora, kubabara umutwe, ingorane zo kumira, kubyimba lymph node, nijwi ritontoma. Ibimenyetso mubisanzwe bimara iminsi 3-5. Ingorane zirashobora kuba zirimo sinusite hamwe namakuru akomeye ya otitis. Pharyngitis ni ubwoko bwanduye bwubuhumekero bwo hejuru.
Acute-phase protein: Poroteyine zikaze ( APPs ) ni urwego rwa poroteyine zifite plasma ziyongera cyangwa zigabanuka bitewe no gutwikwa. Iki gisubizo cyitwa acute-phase reaction . Imyitwarire ikaze irangwa no kugira umuriro, kwihuta kwa leukocytes ya periferique, kuzenguruka neutrophile hamwe nababanjirije. Ijambo proteine ​​acute-fase na acute-phase reactant (APR) ikoreshwa kenshi kimwe, nubwo APR zimwe na zimwe ari polypeptide aho kuba proteyine.
Acute-phase protein: Poroteyine zikaze ( APPs ) ni urwego rwa poroteyine zifite plasma ziyongera cyangwa zigabanuka bitewe no gutwikwa. Iki gisubizo cyitwa acute-phase reaction . Imyitwarire ikaze irangwa no kugira umuriro, kwihuta kwa leukocytes ya periferique, kuzenguruka neutrophile hamwe nababanjirije. Ijambo proteine ​​acute-fase na acute-phase reactant (APR) ikoreshwa kenshi kimwe, nubwo APR zimwe na zimwe ari polypeptide aho kuba proteyine.
Acute-phase protein: Poroteyine zikaze ( APPs ) ni urwego rwa poroteyine zifite plasma ziyongera cyangwa zigabanuka bitewe no gutwikwa. Iki gisubizo cyitwa acute-phase reaction . Imyitwarire ikaze irangwa no kugira umuriro, kwihuta kwa leukocytes ya periferique, kuzenguruka neutrophile hamwe nababanjirije. Ijambo proteine ​​acute-fase na acute-phase reactant (APR) ikoreshwa kenshi kimwe, nubwo APR zimwe na zimwe ari polypeptide aho kuba proteyine.
Acute-phase protein: Poroteyine zikaze ( APPs ) ni urwego rwa poroteyine zifite plasma ziyongera cyangwa zigabanuka bitewe no gutwikwa. Iki gisubizo cyitwa acute-phase reaction . Imyitwarire ikaze irangwa no kugira umuriro, kwihuta kwa leukocytes ya periferique, kuzenguruka neutrophile hamwe nababanjirije. Ijambo proteine ​​acute-fase na acute-phase reactant (APR) ikoreshwa kenshi kimwe, nubwo APR zimwe na zimwe ari polypeptide aho kuba proteyine.
Acute-phase protein: Poroteyine zikaze ( APPs ) ni urwego rwa poroteyine zifite plasma ziyongera cyangwa zigabanuka bitewe no gutwikwa. Iki gisubizo cyitwa acute-phase reaction . Imyitwarire ikaze irangwa no kugira umuriro, kwihuta kwa leukocytes ya periferique, kuzenguruka neutrophile hamwe nababanjirije. Ijambo proteine ​​acute-fase na acute-phase reactant (APR) ikoreshwa kenshi kimwe, nubwo APR zimwe na zimwe ari polypeptide aho kuba proteyine.
Acute-phase protein: Poroteyine zikaze ( APPs ) ni urwego rwa poroteyine zifite plasma ziyongera cyangwa zigabanuka bitewe no gutwikwa. Iki gisubizo cyitwa acute-phase reaction . Imyitwarire ikaze irangwa no kugira umuriro, kwihuta kwa leukocytes ya periferique, kuzenguruka neutrophile hamwe nababanjirije. Ijambo proteine ​​acute-fase na acute-phase reactant (APR) ikoreshwa kenshi kimwe, nubwo APR zimwe na zimwe ari polypeptide aho kuba proteyine.
Acute-phase protein: Poroteyine zikaze ( APPs ) ni urwego rwa poroteyine zifite plasma ziyongera cyangwa zigabanuka bitewe no gutwikwa. Iki gisubizo cyitwa acute-phase reaction . Imyitwarire ikaze irangwa no kugira umuriro, kwihuta kwa leukocytes ya periferique, kuzenguruka neutrophile hamwe nababanjirije. Ijambo proteine ​​acute-fase na acute-phase reactant (APR) ikoreshwa kenshi kimwe, nubwo APR zimwe na zimwe ari polypeptide aho kuba proteyine.
Tuberculosis: Igituntu ( TB ) ni indwara yandura ikunze guterwa na bagiteri ya Mycobacterium igituntu (MTB). Igituntu muri rusange gifata ibihaha, ariko gishobora no gufata ibindi bice byumubiri. Indwara nyinshi ntizigaragaza ibimenyetso, muricyo gihe izwi nkigituntu cyihishe. Indwara zigera ku 10% zitera indwara zidakira, iyo zitavuwe, zica hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abanduye. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe byigituntu gikora ni inkorora idakira hamwe na mucus irimo amaraso, umuriro, ibyuya nijoro, no kugabanya ibiro. Amateka yiswe kurya kubera gutakaza ibiro. Kwanduza izindi ngingo birashobora gutera ibimenyetso byinshi.
Acute medicine: Ubuvuzi bukaze ni igice cyubuvuzi bwimbere bwita kubuyobozi bwihuse kandi bwambere bwinzobere kubarwayi bakuze bafite ubuvuzi butandukanye bagaragaza mubitaro byihutirwa. Yateye imbere mu Bwongereza mu ntangiriro ya 2000 nk'urwego rwihariye rw'ubuvuzi, hamwe no gushinga ibice by'ubuvuzi bikaze mu bitaro byinshi. Ubuvuzi bukaze butandukanye n'ubuvuzi bwagutse bw'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa, bwita ku micungire y'abantu bose bitabira ishami ryihutirwa, ntabwo ari abafite imiti y'imbere gusa. Kuba havutse imiti ikaze bifite aho bihuriye kandi bitandukanye nubuvuzi bwibitaro muri Amerika ya ruguru, byerekana itandukaniro ryubuzima.
Euphaedra acuta: Euphaedra acuta , ishyamba rikomeye ryijimye , ni ikinyugunyugu mu muryango Nymphalidae. Biboneka mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Nijeriya, uburengerazuba bwa Kameruni na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo (Ubangi). Aho atuye hagizwe n'amashyamba.
Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta: Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta nindwara yumubiri . Nuburyo bukomeye bwa pityriasis lichenoides chronica. Indwara irangwa no kurwara no gukomeretsa bito ku ruhu. Indwara ikunze kugaragara ku bagabo kandi ubusanzwe ibaho mu myaka y'ubukure, nubwo yagaragaye mu byiciro byose no mu moko yose. Birashoboka ko indwara ijya gukira mugihe gito cyangwa ubuziraherezo.
Bornholm disease: Indwara ya Bornholm cyangwa icyorezo cya pleurodynia cyangwa icyorezo cya myalgia , kizwi kandi ku izina rya shitani ni indwara iterwa na virusi ya Coxsackie B cyangwa izindi virusi.
Poison: Muri biyolojiya, uburozi ni ibintu bishobora gutera urupfu, gukomeretsa cyangwa kwangiza ingingo, ingirangingo, ingirabuzimafatizo, na ADN ubusanzwe biterwa n'imiti cyangwa ikindi gikorwa ku munzani wa molekile, iyo ibinyabuzima bihuye nubwinshi buhagije.
Polio: Indwara ya Poliomyelitis , ikunze kugabanywa na polio , ni indwara yandura iterwa na poliovirus. Hafi ya 0.5 ku ijana by'imanza, ziva mu mara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yo hagati kandi hari intege nke z'imitsi bikaviramo ubumuga bwa flaccid. Ibi birashobora kubaho mumasaha make kugeza kuminsi mike. Intege nke akenshi zirimo amaguru, ariko birashobora kuba bitarimo imitsi yumutwe, ijosi na diaphragm. Abantu benshi bakira byimazeyo. Ku bafite intege nke z'imitsi, abana bagera kuri 2 kugeza kuri 5 ku ijana na 15 kugeza 30 ku ijana by'abantu bakuru barapfa. Abagera kuri 70 ku ijana by'abanduye nta bimenyetso bafite. Abandi 25 ku ijana by'abantu bafite ibimenyetso byoroheje nk'umuriro no kubabara mu muhogo, kandi abagera kuri 5 ku ijana bafite umutwe, kunangira ijosi no kubabara mu kuboko no ku maguru. Aba bantu mubisanzwe basubiye mubisanzwe mugihe cyicyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri. Imyaka nyuma yo gukira, syndrome ya polio irashobora kubaho, hamwe no gukura gahoro gahoro intege nke zimitsi nkiyo umuntu yagize mugihe cyanduye bwa mbere.
Porphyria: Porphyria ni itsinda ryindwara zumwijima aho ibintu bita porphyrine byubaka mumubiri, bikagira ingaruka mbi kuruhu cyangwa sisitemu y'imitsi. Ubwoko bugira ingaruka kumyanya ndangagitsina izwi kandi nka acute porphyria, kuko ibimenyetso byihuta mugitangira kandi bigufi mugihe kirekire. Ibimenyetso by'igitero birimo kubabara mu nda, kubabara mu gatuza, kuruka, urujijo, kuribwa mu nda, umuriro, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, n'umutima mwinshi. Ubusanzwe ibitero bimara iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru. Ingorane zirashobora kuba zirimo ubumuga, urugero rwa sodium nkeya, hamwe no gufatwa. Ibitero bishobora guterwa n'inzoga, itabi, impinduka za hormone, kwiyiriza ubusa, guhangayika, cyangwa imiti imwe n'imwe. Niba uruhu rwagize ingaruka, ibisebe cyangwa guhinda bishobora kubaho hamwe nizuba.
Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy: Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathie ( APMPPE ) ni uveitis yanduye yanduye yibumbiye mumatsinda ya heterogenous ya syndromes yera aho ibisebe byamabara yumucyo (umuhondo-byera) bitangira kwibumbira mubice bya retine. Kera hakiri kare indwara, ibisebe bitera kubura gukabije kandi kugaragara kutabona kuva kurwego rworoheje kugeza rukabije ariko mubisanzwe ni igihe gito. APMPPE ishyirwa mubikorwa nkindwara yumuriro ikunze kuba byombi kandi ikarishye mugitangira ariko ikigabanya. Ibibyimba bisiga inyuma ya pigmentation, ariko ubushishozi bwibonekeje amaherezo buratera imbere nubwo nta muti.
Acute posthemorrhagic anemia: Anemia ikaze ya posthemorrhagic cyangwa anemia ikabije yo gutakaza amaraso nuburyo umuntu atakaza vuba umuvuduko mwinshi wa hemoglobine. Gutakaza amaraso bikabije mubisanzwe bifitanye isano nihungabana cyangwa igikomere gikomeye bikaviramo gutakaza amaraso menshi. Irashobora kandi kubaho mugihe cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.
Acute posthemorrhagic anemia: Anemia ikaze ya posthemorrhagic cyangwa anemia ikabije yo gutakaza amaraso nuburyo umuntu atakaza vuba umuvuduko mwinshi wa hemoglobine. Gutakaza amaraso bikabije mubisanzwe bifitanye isano nihungabana cyangwa igikomere gikomeye bikaviramo gutakaza amaraso menshi. Irashobora kandi kubaho mugihe cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa.
Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis: Glomerulonephritis ikaze cyane ni indwara yimitsi mito yimpyiko. Nibibazo bikunze kwandura bagiteri, mubisanzwe kwandura uruhu na bacteri za Streptococcus ubwoko bwa 12, 4 na 1 (impetigo) ariko nanone nyuma ya streptococcal pharyngitis, izwi kandi nka glomerulonephritis ( PIGN ) cyangwa poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis ( PSGN ). Birashobora kuba impanuka kuri albuminuria. Ku bantu bakuru, ibimenyetso n'ibimenyetso byanduye birashobora kuba bikiriho mugihe ibibazo byimpyiko bikuze, kandi amagambo akoreshwa na glomerulonephritis cyangwa kwandura indwara ziterwa na glomerulonephritis . Glomerulonephritis ikaze yatumye abantu 19.000 bapfa muri 2013, aho bapfuye 24.000 bapfuye mu 1990 ku isi.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Acute promyelocytic leukemia ni ubwoko bwa acute myeloid leukemia (AML), kanseri ya selile yera. Muri APL, habaho kwirundanya bidasanzwe kwa granulocytes idakuze yitwa promyelocytes. Iyo ndwara irangwa a chromosomal translocation cerekeye retinoic acid receptor Alpha gene kandi gutandukanywa n'ubundi AML by gutanga ibisubizo yayo all- Trans retinoic imiti acid. Indwara ya leukemia ikaze yaranzwe bwa mbere mu 1957 n'abaganga b'Abafaransa na Noruveje nk'indwara yica hyperacute, aho igihe cyo kubaho kitarenze icyumweru. Uyu munsi, prognoza zateye imbere cyane; Ikigereranyo cy'imyaka 10 yo kubaho kigereranijwe hafi 80-90% ukurikije ubushakashatsi bumwe.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia: Acute promyelocytic leukemia ni ubwoko bwa acute myeloid leukemia (AML), kanseri ya selile yera. Muri APL, habaho kwirundanya bidasanzwe kwa granulocytes idakuze yitwa promyelocytes. Iyo ndwara irangwa a chromosomal translocation cerekeye retinoic acid receptor Alpha gene kandi gutandukanywa n'ubundi AML by gutanga ibisubizo yayo all- Trans retinoic imiti acid. Indwara ya leukemia ikaze yaranzwe bwa mbere mu 1957 n'abaganga b'Abafaransa na Noruveje nk'indwara yica hyperacute, aho igihe cyo kubaho kitarenze icyumweru. Uyu munsi, prognoza zateye imbere cyane; Ikigereranyo cy'imyaka 10 yo kubaho kigereranijwe hafi 80-90% ukurikije ubushakashatsi bumwe.
Acute prostatitis: Indwara ya prostatite ikaze ni infection ikomeye ya bagiteri ya prostate. Iyi ndwara yihutirwa mubuvuzi. Igomba gutandukanywa nubundi buryo bwa prostatite nka prostatite ya bagiteri idakira na syndrome de pelvic ububabare budakira (CPPS).
Acute stress disorder: Indwara ikaze ni igisubizo cyimitekerereze yibintu biteye ubwoba, bikomeretsa, cyangwa bitangaje. Indwara ikomeye yo guhangayika ntabwo yica, ariko irashobora kuzana gutinda guhangayika niba bidakemuwe neza.
Psychosis: Psychose nuburyo budasanzwe bwibitekerezo bivamo ingorane zo kumenya ukuri nukuri nukuri. Ibimenyetso bishobora kubamo kwibeshya no kwibeshya. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo imvugo nimyitwarire idahuye nibihe. Hashobora kubaho ibibazo byo gusinzira, kwikuramo imibereho, kubura imbaraga, ningorane zo gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Indwara zo mu mutwe zirashobora kugira ingaruka mbi.
Psychosis: Psychose nuburyo budasanzwe bwibitekerezo bivamo ingorane zo kumenya ukuri nukuri nukuri. Ibimenyetso bishobora kubamo kwibeshya no kwibeshya. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo imvugo nimyitwarire idahuye nibihe. Hashobora kubaho ibibazo byo gusinzira, kwikuramo imibereho, kubura imbaraga, ningorane zo gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Indwara zo mu mutwe zirashobora kugira ingaruka mbi.
Psychosis: Psychose nuburyo budasanzwe bwibitekerezo bivamo ingorane zo kumenya ukuri nukuri nukuri. Ibimenyetso bishobora kubamo kwibeshya no kwibeshya. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo imvugo nimyitwarire idahuye nibihe. Hashobora kubaho ibibazo byo gusinzira, kwikuramo imibereho, kubura imbaraga, ningorane zo gukora ibikorwa bya buri munsi. Indwara zo mu mutwe zirashobora kugira ingaruka mbi.
Pulmonary edema: Pulmonary edema, uzwi ubucucike pulmonary ni amazi kwigwizaho mu zizahabwe na air Imyanya ya bihaha. Bitera guhanahana gaze kandi bishobora gutera guhumeka. Biterwa no kunanirwa kwi bumoso bwumutima kumutima gukuramo amaraso bihagije mumitsi yimitsi, cyangwa gukomeretsa ingirangingo cyangwa imiyoboro yamaraso yibihaha. Ubuvuzi bwibanze ku bintu bitatu: icya mbere kunoza imikorere yubuhumekero, icya kabiri, kuvura icyabiteye, naho icya gatatu wirinda kwangirika kw ibihaha. Indwara y'ibihaha, cyane cyane iyo itunguranye (acute), irashobora gutuma umuntu ahumeka neza cyangwa gufatwa k'umutima kubera hypoxia. Nibintu byingenzi biranga umutima kunanirwa. Ijambo edema riva mu kigereki οἴδημα, kuva οἰδέω.
Pulmonary insufficiency: Ibihaha bidahagije ni imiterere aho valve yimpaha idashoboye kandi ituma gusubira inyuma biva mu mitsi iva mu mitsi ijya mu muyoboro w'iburyo wumutima mugihe cya diastole. Mugihe umubare muto wo gusubira inyuma ushobora kubaho mubisanzwe, mubisanzwe byerekanwa gusa kuri echocardiogram kandi ntacyo bitwaye. Kugarura cyane kugaragara kugaragara binyuze mubizamini bisanzwe byumubiri ni ikimenyetso cyubuvuzi cyindwara kandi gisaba ko hakorwa iperereza. Niba ari icya kabiri kuri hypertension yimpaha byitwa kwitotomba kwa Graham Steell.
Radiation-induced lung injury: Imvune iterwa n'imirasire ( RILI ) ni ijambo rusange ryo kwangiza ibihaha biturutse ku guhura n'imirasire ya ionizing. Muri rusange, ibyangiritse bigabanijwemo ibyangiritse hakiri kare ndetse ningaruka ziterwa no gukomeretsa karande. Imvune yimishwarara yibihaha ikunze kubaho biturutse kumiti ivura kanseri yatanzwe kugirango ivure kanseri.
Pulmonary edema: Pulmonary edema, uzwi ubucucike pulmonary ni amazi kwigwizaho mu zizahabwe na air Imyanya ya bihaha. Bitera guhanahana gaze kandi bishobora gutera guhumeka. Biterwa no kunanirwa kwi bumoso bwumutima kumutima gukuramo amaraso bihagije mumitsi yimitsi, cyangwa gukomeretsa ingirangingo cyangwa imiyoboro yamaraso yibihaha. Ubuvuzi bwibanze ku bintu bitatu: icya mbere kunoza imikorere yubuhumekero, icya kabiri, kuvura icyabiteye, naho icya gatatu wirinda kwangirika kw ibihaha. Indwara y'ibihaha, cyane cyane iyo itunguranye (acute), irashobora gutuma umuntu ahumeka neza cyangwa gufatwa k'umutima kubera hypoxia. Nibintu byingenzi biranga umutima kunanirwa. Ijambo edema riva mu kigereki οἴδημα, kuva οἰδέω.
Pharyngitis: Indwara ya Pharyngitis ni ugutwika inyuma yu muhogo, izwi nka pharynx. Mubisanzwe bivamo uburibwe bwo mu muhogo no kugira umuriro. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo izuru ritemba, inkorora, kubabara umutwe, ingorane zo kumira, kubyimba lymph node, nijwi ritontoma. Ibimenyetso mubisanzwe bimara iminsi 3-5. Ingorane zirashobora kuba zirimo sinusite hamwe namakuru akomeye ya otitis. Pharyngitis ni ubwoko bwanduye bwubuhumekero bwo hejuru.
Pyelonephritis: Pyelonephritis ni ugutwika impyiko, mubisanzwe biterwa na infection ya bagiteri. Ibimenyetso akenshi birimo umuriro hamwe nubwuzu bwuruhande. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kubamo isesemi, gutwika inkari, no kwihagarika kenshi. Ingorane zirashobora gushiramo ibibyimba bikikije impyiko, sepsis, cyangwa kunanirwa kw'impyiko.
Pyotraumatic dermatitis: Dermatite ya Pyotraumatic , izwi kandi nk'ahantu hashyushye cyangwa dermatite ikaze , ni indwara ikunze kwanduza uruhu rw'imbwa, cyane cyane izifite amakoti maremare cyangwa maremare. Bibaho nyuma yo kwikomeretsa kwuruhu. Dermatite ya Pyotraumatike ni gake yibasira injangwe.
Acute radiation syndrome: Indwara ya syndrome ikaze ( ARS ), izwi kandi nk'indwara y'imirasire cyangwa uburozi bw'imirasire , ni ikusanyirizo ry'ingaruka ku buzima ziterwa no guhura n'imirasire myinshi ya ionizing, mu gihe gito. Ibimenyetso bya ARS birashobora gutangira mugihe cyisaha yo guhura, kandi birashobora kumara amezi menshi. Mu minsi ya mbere ibimenyetso mubisanzwe ni isesemi, kuruka no kubura ubushake bwo kurya. Mu masaha make cyangwa ibyumweru bizakurikiraho hazaba ibimenyetso bike, nyuma biba ibimenyetso byinyongera, nyuma yo gukira cyangwa gupfa gukurikira.
Acute radiation syndrome: Indwara ya syndrome ikaze ( ARS ), izwi kandi nk'indwara y'imirasire cyangwa uburozi bw'imirasire , ni ikusanyirizo ry'ingaruka ku buzima ziterwa no guhura n'imirasire myinshi ya ionizing, mu gihe gito. Ibimenyetso bya ARS birashobora gutangira mugihe cyisaha yo guhura, kandi birashobora kumara amezi menshi. Mu minsi ya mbere ibimenyetso mubisanzwe ni isesemi, kuruka no kubura ubushake bwo kurya. Mu masaha make cyangwa ibyumweru bizakurikiraho hazaba ibimenyetso bike, nyuma biba ibimenyetso byinyongera, nyuma yo gukira cyangwa gupfa gukurikira.
Acute radiation syndrome: Indwara ya syndrome ikaze ( ARS ), izwi kandi nk'indwara y'imirasire cyangwa uburozi bw'imirasire , ni ikusanyirizo ry'ingaruka ku buzima ziterwa no guhura n'imirasire myinshi ya ionizing, mu gihe gito. Ibimenyetso bya ARS birashobora gutangira mugihe cyisaha yo guhura, kandi birashobora kumara amezi menshi. Mu minsi ya mbere ibimenyetso mubisanzwe ni isesemi, kuruka no kubura ubushake bwo kurya. Mu masaha make cyangwa ibyumweru bizakurikiraho hazaba ibimenyetso bike, nyuma biba ibimenyetso byinyongera, nyuma yo gukira cyangwa gupfa gukurikira.
Acute radiation syndrome: Indwara ya syndrome ikaze ( ARS ), izwi kandi nk'indwara y'imirasire cyangwa uburozi bw'imirasire , ni ikusanyirizo ry'ingaruka ku buzima ziterwa no guhura n'imirasire myinshi ya ionizing, mu gihe gito. Ibimenyetso bya ARS birashobora gutangira mugihe cyisaha yo guhura, kandi birashobora kumara amezi menshi. Mu minsi ya mbere ibimenyetso mubisanzwe ni isesemi, kuruka no kubura ubushake bwo kurya. Mu masaha make cyangwa ibyumweru bizakurikiraho hazaba ibimenyetso bike, nyuma biba ibimenyetso byinyongera, nyuma yo gukira cyangwa gupfa gukurikira.
Radiation burn: Gutwika imirasire ni kwangiza uruhu cyangwa izindi nyama n'ibinyabuzima ningaruka zumuriro. Ubwoko bwimirasire ihangayikishijwe cyane nimirasire yumuriro, ingufu za radio yumuriro, urumuri ultraviolet hamwe nimirasire ya ionizing.
Acute stress disorder: Indwara ikaze ni igisubizo cyimitekerereze yibintu biteye ubwoba, bikomeretsa, cyangwa bitangaje. Indwara ikomeye yo guhangayika ntabwo yica, ariko irashobora kuzana gutinda guhangayika niba bidakemuwe neza.
Acute stress disorder: Indwara ikaze ni igisubizo cyimitekerereze yibintu biteye ubwoba, bikomeretsa, cyangwa bitangaje. Indwara ikomeye yo guhangayika ntabwo yica, ariko irashobora kuzana gutinda guhangayika niba bidakemuwe neza.
Complex regional pain syndrome: Indwara yo kubabara yo mu karere igoye ( CRPS ), izwi kandi nka reflex sympathetic dystrofiya ( RSD ), isobanura ibintu byinshi bibabaza birangwa nububabare bwakomeje mukarere busa nkaho butagereranywa mugihe cyangwa urwego kurwego rusanzwe rwihungabana rizwi cyangwa izindi kurwara. Mubisanzwe bitangirira mu gihimba, bigaragaza nkububabare bukabije, kubyimba, umuvuduko muke, no guhindura uruhu namagufwa. Irashobora kubanza gufata ingingo imwe hanyuma igakwira umubiri wose; 35% by'abantu banduye bavuga ibimenyetso mu mibiri yabo yose. Ubwoko bubiri burahari. Kugira ubwoko bwombi birashoboka.
Acute rehabilitation unit: Ishami rishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe , ni icyumba cy'ibitaro cyagenewe ubuvuzi bw'umubiri no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe.
Transplant rejection: Kwanga guhindurwa bibaho iyo tissue yatewe yangiwe na sisitemu yubudahangarwa bw'uwahawe, isenya ingirangingo zatewe. Kwanga guhindurwa birashobora kugabanywa muguhitamo molekuline hagati yuwaterankunga nuwayahawe no gukoresha imiti ikingira indwara nyuma yo guterwa.
Acute kidney injury: Gukomeretsa impyiko zikomeye ( AKI ), mbere byitwa kunanirwa kw'impyiko ( ARF ), ni igabanuka ritunguranye ry'imikorere y'impyiko ikura mu minsi 7, nkuko bigaragazwa no kwiyongera kwa serumu crein cyangwa kugabanuka kw'inkari, cyangwa byombi.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome: Indwara ya syndrome ikaze y'ubuhumekero ( ARDS ) ni ubwoko bwo kunanirwa mu myanya y'ubuhumekero burangwa no gutangira vuba kwinshi mu bihaha. Ibimenyetso birimo guhumeka neza (dyspnea), guhumeka vuba (tachypnea), hamwe no kurangi kwuruhu (cyanose). Kubarokotse, kugabanuka k'ubuzima birasanzwe.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome: Indwara ya syndrome ikaze y'ubuhumekero ( ARDS ) ni ubwoko bwo kunanirwa mu myanya y'ubuhumekero burangwa no gutangira vuba kwinshi mu bihaha. Ibimenyetso birimo guhumeka neza (dyspnea), guhumeka vuba (tachypnea), hamwe no kurangi kwuruhu (cyanose). Kubarokotse, kugabanuka k'ubuzima birasanzwe.
Respiratory failure: Kunanirwa mu myanya y'ubuhumekero bituruka ku guhana gaze bidahagije na sisitemu y'ubuhumekero, bivuze ko ogisijeni ya arterial, dioxyde de carbone cyangwa byombi bidashobora kubikwa ku rwego rusanzwe. Igitonyanga cya ogisijeni itwarwa mumaraso izwi nka hypoxemia; izamuka rya arterial carbone dioxyde yitwa hypercapnia. Kunanirwa mu myanya y'ubuhumekero bishyirwa mu bwoko bwa 1 cyangwa Ubwoko bwa 2, ukurikije niba hari urugero rwinshi rwa karuboni ya dioxyde, kandi irashobora kuba ikaze cyangwa idakira. Igisobanuro cyo kunanirwa k'ubuhumekero mu bigeragezo bivura ubusanzwe gikubiyemo kwiyongera k'ubuhumekero, imyuka y'amaraso idasanzwe, n'ibimenyetso byerekana imirimo yo guhumeka. Kunanirwa mu myanya y'ubuhumekero bitera guhindura imitekerereze bitewe na ischemia mu bwonko.
Influenza-like illness: Indwara imeze nk'ibicurane ( ILI ), izwi kandi nka syndrome de grippe cyangwa ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane , ni isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi ryerekana ibicurane cyangwa izindi ndwara zitera ibimenyetso byinshi. Muri byo harimo umuriro, guhinda umushyitsi, gukonja, kurwara, inkorora yumye, kubura ubushake bwo kurya, kubabara umubiri, no kugira isesemi, ubusanzwe bijyanye no gutangira indwara gitunguranye. Mu bihe byinshi, ibimenyetso biterwa na cytokine irekurwa no gukora sisitemu yumubiri, bityo bikaba bidasanzwe.
Urinary retention: Kugumana inkari ni ukudashobora gukuramo uruhago rwose. Gutangira birashobora gutungurana cyangwa buhoro buhoro. Iyo bitunguranye, ibimenyetso birimo kudashobora kwihagarika no kubabara munda. Iyo buhoro buhoro, ibimenyetso bishobora kubamo gutakaza uruhago, kubabara mu nda byoroheje, no gutembera kwinkari. Abafite ibibazo byigihe kirekire bafite ibyago byo kwandura inkari.
Acute retinal necrosis: Acros retinal necrosis (ARN) nuburyo bwo kuvura amaso. Indwara yigaragaza nka retrotite ya nekrotizing. Gutangira gutwika biterwa na virusi zimwe na zimwe za herpes, virusi ya varicella zoster (VZV), virusi ya herpes simplex na virusi ya Epstein - Barr (EBV).
Signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS: Ibyiciro byo kwandura virusi itera sida ni infection ikaze, ubukererwe na sida. Indwara ikaze imara ibyumweru byinshi kandi irashobora kuba ikubiyemo ibimenyetso nkumuriro, kubyimba lymph node, kubyimba umuhogo, guhubuka, kubabara imitsi, kurwara, umunwa hamwe n ibisebe byo mu nda. Icyiciro cyubukererwe kirimo ibimenyetso bike cyangwa bidafite ibimenyetso kandi birashobora kumara ahantu hose kuva ibyumweru bibiri kugeza kumyaka makumyabiri cyangwa irenga, bitewe numuntu kugiti cye. SIDA, icyiciro cya nyuma cyubwandu bwa virusi itera sida, isobanurwa numubare muto wa CD4 + T, kwandura ibintu bitandukanye, kanseri nibindi bihe.
Rheumatic fever: Indwara ya rubagimpande ( RF ) ni indwara yanduza ishobora kuba irimo umutima, ingingo, uruhu, n'ubwonko. Indwara ubusanzwe ikura ibyumweru bibiri cyangwa bine nyuma yo kwandura umuhogo wa streptococcale. Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso birimo umuriro, ingingo nyinshi zibabaza, kugenda kwimitsi itabishaka, kandi rimwe na rimwe biranga kudashiduka bizwi nka erythema marginatum. Umutima ugira uruhare hafi kimwe cya kabiri cyimanza. Kwangirika kumitsi yumutima, izwi kwizina ryindwara yumutima (RHD), mubisanzwe bibaho nyuma yibitero inshuro nyinshi ariko rimwe na rimwe bishobora kubaho nyuma yimwe. Imyanda yangiritse irashobora kuviramo kunanirwa k'umutima, fibrillation atriel no kwandura kwimyanya.
Common cold: Ubukonje busanzwe , buzwi kandi nk'ubukonje , ni indwara yandura virusi yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru yibasira cyane cyane mucosa y'ubuhumekero bw'izuru, umuhogo, sinus, na larynx. Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mugihe kitarenze iminsi ibiri nyuma yo guhura na virusi. Ibi bishobora kubamo gukorora, kubabara mu muhogo, izuru ritemba, kuniha, kubabara umutwe, no kugira umuriro. Abantu bakira muminsi irindwi kugeza kumi, ariko ibimenyetso bimwe bishobora kumara ibyumweru bitatu. Rimwe na rimwe, abafite ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima barashobora kurwara umusonga.
Sinusitis: Sinusite , izwi kandi ku izina rya rhinosinusitis , ni ugutwika ibibyimba bitobora umurongo wa sinus bikavamo ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo ururenda runini rw'amazuru, izuru ryacometse, n'ububabare bwo mu maso. Ibindi bimenyetso nibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo umuriro, kubabara umutwe, kunuka nabi, kubabara mu muhogo, no gukorora. Irasobanurwa nka sinusite ikaze niba imara igihe kitarenze ibyumweru 4, kandi nka sinusite idakira niba imara ibyumweru birenga 12.
Right heart strain: Umutima wiburyo ni ubuvuzi busanga imikorere idahwitse yibikorwa aho imitsi yumutima yumutima wiburyo (RV) ihindagurika. Umutima wiburyo urashobora guterwa na hypertension yimpaha, embolisme yimpyisi, infarction RV, indwara yibihaha idakira, stenosis yimpyiko, bronchospasm, na pneumothorax.
Löfgren syndrome: Indwara ya Löfgren ni ubwoko bwa sarcoidose ikaze, indwara yanduza irangwa no kubyimba lymph node mu gituza, imitwe itukura ituje ku shitingi, umuriro na artite. Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bagore kurusha abagabo, kandi bikunze kugaragara mu murage wa Scandinaviya, Irilande, Afurika na Porto Rika. Byasobanuwe mu 1953 na Sven Halvar Löfgren, umuganga wo muri Suwede. Bamwe batekereje ko ibintu bisobanuwe neza.
Löfgren syndrome: Indwara ya Löfgren ni ubwoko bwa sarcoidose ikaze, indwara yanduza irangwa no kubyimba lymph node mu gituza, imitwe itukura ituje ku shitingi, umuriro na artite. Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bagore kurusha abagabo, kandi bikunze kugaragara mu murage wa Scandinaviya, Irilande, Afurika na Porto Rika. Byasobanuwe mu 1953 na Sven Halvar Löfgren, umuganga wo muri Suwede. Bamwe batekereje ko ibintu bisobanuwe neza.
Löfgren syndrome: Indwara ya Löfgren ni ubwoko bwa sarcoidose ikaze, indwara yanduza irangwa no kubyimba lymph node mu gituza, imitwe itukura ituje ku shitingi, umuriro na artite. Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bagore kurusha abagabo, kandi bikunze kugaragara mu murage wa Scandinaviya, Irilande, Afurika na Porto Rika. Byasobanuwe mu 1953 na Sven Halvar Löfgren, umuganga wo muri Suwede. Bamwe batekereje ko ibintu bisobanuwe neza.
Testicular pain: Ububabare bwa testicular , buzwi kandi nk'ububabare bwa scrotal , bubaho mugihe igice cyangwa byose kimwe kimwe cyangwa byombi bikomeretsa. Ububabare muri scrotum nabwo bukunze kubamo. Ububabare bwa testicular burashobora gutangira gitunguranye cyangwa igihe kirekire.
Signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS: Ibyiciro byo kwandura virusi itera sida ni infection ikaze, ubukererwe na sida. Indwara ikaze imara ibyumweru byinshi kandi irashobora kuba ikubiyemo ibimenyetso nkumuriro, kubyimba lymph node, kubyimba umuhogo, guhubuka, kubabara imitsi, kurwara, umunwa hamwe n ibisebe byo mu nda. Icyiciro cyubukererwe kirimo ibimenyetso bike cyangwa bidafite ibimenyetso kandi birashobora kumara ahantu hose kuva ibyumweru bibiri kugeza kumyaka makumyabiri cyangwa irenga, bitewe numuntu kugiti cye. SIDA, icyiciro cya nyuma cyubwandu bwa virusi itera sida, isobanurwa numubare muto wa CD4 + T, kwandura ibintu bitandukanye, kanseri nibindi bihe.
Acute severe asthma: Asima ikaze cyane, izwi kandi nka status asthmaticus , ni ubukana bukabije bwa asima idasubiza imiti isanzwe ya bronchodilators (inhalers) na corticosteroide. Indwara ya asima iterwa na genes nyinshi, zimwe zigira ingaruka zo gukingira, buri gen igira imyumvire yayo yo kwanduzwa nibidukikije nubwo isano ya genetike iganisha kuri asima ikabije itaramenyekana. Ibimenyetso birimo gukomera mu gatuza, dyspnea yihuta cyane (kubura umwuka), inkorora yumye, gukoresha imitsi yubuhumekero, guhumeka vuba na / cyangwa gukora cyane, no kuzunguruka bikabije. Nibintu byangiza ubuzima bwo guhagarika umwuka kandi bifatwa nkubutabazi bwihutirwa. Ingorane zirimo umutima na / cyangwa gufata ubuhumekero. Ubwiyongere bukabije bwa atopi na asima ntibusobanurwa ariko birashobora guterwa no kwandura virusi z'ubuhumekero.
Shock (circulatory): Shock nuburyo imiterere yamaraso idahagije mumyanya yumubiri biturutse kubibazo bya sisitemu yo gutembera. Ibimenyetso byambere byo guhungabana bishobora kuba birimo intege nke, umuvuduko wumutima, guhumeka vuba, kubira ibyuya, guhangayika, ninyota nyinshi. Ibi birashobora gukurikirwa no kwitiranya ibintu, kutamenya ubwenge, cyangwa gufatwa k'umutima, uko ibibazo bigenda byiyongera.
Acute (medicine): Mubuvuzi, gusobanura indwara nkiyikaze byerekana ko ari igihe gito kandi, nkibisobanuro byibyo, byo gutangira vuba. Umubare wigihe kingana "kigufi \" na \ "vuba aha \" uratandukana bitewe nindwara hamwe nibisobanuro, ariko insobanuro yibanze ya \ "acute \" ihora yujuje ubuziranenge bitandukanye na \ "karande \", bisobanura igihe kirekire- indwara zirambye. Mubyongeyeho, \ "acute \" nayo ihuza ubundi busobanuro bubiri: gutangira gutunguranye nuburemere, nko muri infarction acute myocardial (AMI), aho gutungurwa nuburemere byombi ari ibintu byashizweho mubisobanuro. Bikunze rero guhuza ko ibintu byuzuye, ariko siko buri gihe. Ikintu kimwe MI ikaze na rhinite ikaze ihuriweho ni uko atari karande. Birashobora kongera kubaho, ariko ntabwo arikibazo kimwe gikomeza amezi cyangwa imyaka.
Sinusitis: Sinusite , izwi kandi ku izina rya rhinosinusitis , ni ugutwika ibibyimba bitobora umurongo wa sinus bikavamo ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo ururenda runini rw'amazuru, izuru ryacometse, n'ububabare bwo mu maso. Ibindi bimenyetso nibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo umuriro, kubabara umutwe, kunuka nabi, kubabara mu muhogo, no gukorora. Irasobanurwa nka sinusite ikaze niba imara igihe kitarenze ibyumweru 4, kandi nka sinusite idakira niba imara ibyumweru birenga 12.
List of skin conditions: Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yumuntu - sisitemu yingingo itwikiriye umubiri wose kandi igizwe nuruhu, umusatsi, imisumari, imitsi na glande bifitanye isano. Igikorwa nyamukuru cyiyi sisitemu nimbogamizi irwanya ibidukikije byo hanze. Uruhu rupima ikigereranyo cya kilo enye, rufite ubuso bwa metero kare ebyiri, kandi rukozwe mubice bitatu bitandukanye: epidermis, dermis, hamwe nuduce duto duto. Ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwuruhu rwabantu ni: uruhu rwa glabrous, uruhu rutagira umusatsi kumikindo no kubirenge, hamwe nuruhu rwera umusatsi. Mu bwoko bwa nyuma, umusatsi uboneka muburyo bwitwa pilosebaceous, buri kimwe gifite umusatsi, glande sebaceous, hamwe n imitsi ya pili imitsi. Mu isoro, epidermis, umusatsi, na glande biva muri ectoderm, biterwa na chimique na mesoderm iri munsi ikora dermis nuduce duto duto.
List of skin conditions: Ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumikorere yumuntu - sisitemu yingingo itwikiriye umubiri wose kandi igizwe nuruhu, umusatsi, imisumari, imitsi na glande bifitanye isano. Igikorwa nyamukuru cyiyi sisitemu nimbogamizi irwanya ibidukikije byo hanze. Uruhu rupima ikigereranyo cya kilo enye, rufite ubuso bwa metero kare ebyiri, kandi rukozwe mubice bitatu bitandukanye: epidermis, dermis, hamwe nuduce duto duto. Ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwuruhu rwabantu ni: uruhu rwa glabrous, uruhu rutagira umusatsi kumikindo no kubirenge, hamwe nuruhu rwera umusatsi. Mu bwoko bwa nyuma, umusatsi uboneka muburyo bwitwa pilosebaceous, buri kimwe gifite umusatsi, glande sebaceous, hamwe n imitsi ya pili imitsi. Mu isoro, epidermis, umusatsi, na glande biva muri ectoderm, biterwa na chimique na mesoderm iri munsi ikora dermis nuduce duto duto.
Pharyngitis: Indwara ya Pharyngitis ni ugutwika inyuma yu muhogo, izwi nka pharynx. Mubisanzwe bivamo uburibwe bwo mu muhogo no kugira umuriro. Ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo izuru ritemba, inkorora, kubabara umutwe, ingorane zo kumira, kubyimba lymph node, nijwi ritontoma. Ibimenyetso mubisanzwe bimara iminsi 3-5. Ingorane zirashobora kuba zirimo sinusite hamwe namakuru akomeye ya otitis. Pharyngitis ni ubwoko bwanduye bwubuhumekero bwo hejuru.
Stomatitis: Stomatite ni ugutwika umunwa n'iminwa. Yerekeza ku buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose bwo gutwika bugira ingaruka ku myanya yo mu kanwa no mu minwa, hamwe n'ibisebe byo mu kanwa cyangwa bidafite.
Acute stress disorder: Indwara ikaze ni igisubizo cyimitekerereze yibintu biteye ubwoba, bikomeretsa, cyangwa bitangaje. Indwara ikomeye yo guhangayika ntabwo yica, ariko irashobora kuzana gutinda guhangayika niba bidakemuwe neza.
Acute stress disorder: Indwara ikaze ni igisubizo cyimitekerereze yibintu biteye ubwoba, bikomeretsa, cyangwa bitangaje. Indwara ikomeye yo guhangayika ntabwo yica, ariko irashobora kuzana gutinda guhangayika niba bidakemuwe neza.
Stroke: Indwara yo mu bwonko ni ubuvuzi aho amaraso atembera mu bwonko atera urupfu. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwubwonko: ischemic, kubera kubura amaraso, hamwe no kuva amaraso, kubera kuva amaraso. Byombi bitera ibice byubwonko guhagarika gukora neza. Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso byubwonko bishobora kuba birimo kudashobora kwimuka cyangwa kumva kuruhande rumwe rwumubiri, ibibazo byo gusobanukirwa cyangwa kuvuga, kuzunguruka, cyangwa kubura icyerekezo kuruhande rumwe. Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara vuba nyuma yubwonko bubaye. Niba ibimenyetso bimara amasaha atarenze imwe cyangwa abiri, ubwonko nigitero cyigihe gito (TIA), nanone bita mini-stroke. Indwara yo kuva amaraso irashobora kandi kuba ifitanye isano no kubabara umutwe cyane. Ibimenyetso byubwonko birashobora guhoraho. Ingorane ndende zirashobora kuba zirimo umusonga no gutakaza uruhago.
Subdural hematoma: Subdural hematoma ( SDH ) ni ubwoko bwo kuva amaraso aho gukusanya amaraso - ubusanzwe bifitanye isano no gukomeretsa ubwonko bwubwonko - bikusanyiriza hagati yimbere yimbere ya dura mater na arachnoid mater ya meninges ikikije ubwonko. Mubisanzwe bituruka kumarira mumitsi yikiraro yambukiranya umwanya muto.
Otitis media: Otitis media nitsinda ryindwara ziterwa no gutwi rwagati. Bumwe mu bwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi ni media ikaze ya otitis ( AOM ), indwara yo gutangira vuba ikunze kubabara ugutwi. Mu bana bato ibi birashobora kuvamo gukurura ugutwi, kurira kwiyongera, no gusinzira nabi. Kugabanuka kurya no kugira umuriro nabyo birashobora kuba bihari. Ubundi bwoko nyamukuru ni otitis media hamwe na effusion ( OME ), mubisanzwe ntabwo bifitanye isano nibimenyetso, nubwo rimwe na rimwe byasobanuwe kumva byuzuye; bisobanurwa nkaho hari amazi atanduye mu gutwi rwagati amezi arenga atatu. Indwara idakira ya otitis itangazamakuru ( CSOM ) ni ugutwi kwamatwi yo hagati bivamo gusohoka mumatwi amezi arenga atatu. Birashobora kuba ingorabahizi ya otitis itangazamakuru. Ububabare ntibukunze kubaho. Ubwoko butatu bwitangazamakuru rya otitis rishobora kuba rifitanye isano no kutumva. Kubura kwumva muri OME, kubera imiterere yarwo, birashobora kugira ingaruka kubushobozi bw'umwana bwo kwiga.
Pulpitis: Indwara ya pulpitis ni ugutwika amenyo. Indwara irimo imiyoboro y'amaraso, imitsi, hamwe nuduce duhuza imbere yiryinyo kandi itanga amaraso yinyo nintungamubiri. Indwara ya Pulpitis iterwa ahanini n'indwara ya bagiteri ubwayo niterambere rya kabiri rya karies. Yigaragaza muburyo bwo kubabaza amenyo.
Acute (medicine): Mubuvuzi, gusobanura indwara nkiyikaze byerekana ko ari igihe gito kandi, nkibisobanuro byibyo, byo gutangira vuba. Umubare wigihe kingana "kigufi \" na \ "vuba aha \" uratandukana bitewe nindwara hamwe nibisobanuro, ariko insobanuro yibanze ya \ "acute \" ihora yujuje ubuziranenge bitandukanye na \ "karande \", bisobanura igihe kirekire- indwara zirambye. Mubyongeyeho, \ "acute \" nayo ihuza ubundi busobanuro bubiri: gutangira gutunguranye nuburemere, nko muri infarction acute myocardial (AMI), aho gutungurwa nuburemere byombi ari ibintu byashizweho mubisobanuro. Bikunze rero guhuza ko ibintu byuzuye, ariko siko buri gihe. Ikintu kimwe MI ikaze na rhinite ikaze ihuriweho ni uko atari karande. Birashobora kongera kubaho, ariko ntabwo arikibazo kimwe gikomeza amezi cyangwa imyaka.
Seizure: Gufata , bisanzwe bizwi nk'igicuri cya epileptic , ni igihe cyibimenyetso kubera ibikorwa bya neuronal bikabije bidasanzwe cyangwa bihuza ubwonko. Ingaruka zo hanze ziratandukanye bitewe nigikorwa cyo kunyeganyega kitagenzuwe kirimo igice kinini cyumubiri hamwe no guta ubwenge, kugeza kunyeganyega ibintu birimo igice cyumubiri gusa gifite imyumvire ihindagurika, kugeza kubura ubwenge buke. Igihe kinini ibi bice bimara iminota itarenze ibiri kandi bisaba igihe kugirango usubire mubisanzwe. Gutakaza uruhago birashobora kubaho.
Acute infectious thyroiditis: Indwara ya tiroyide ikaze ( AIT ) izwi kandi ku izina rya suppurative tiroyide , microbial inflammatory thyroiditis , pyrogenic tiroyide na bagiteri ya tiroyide .
Acute to chronic ratio: Ikigereranyo gikaze na karande (ACR) gikoresha amakuru yuburozi bukabije kugirango bapime uburozi budashira (MATC) bwimiti ishimishije ibinyabuzima. Siyanse iri inyuma yo kumenya umutekano wibidukikije ntabwo idatunganye, imibare mike, kandi yibanda cyane. Hano haribisabwa bituzuye kugirango hasuzumwe byihuse uburozi butandukanye bwibinyabuzima bitandukanye. ACR nigisubizo cyatanzwe kuri iki cyifuzo.
Tonsillitis: Tonsillitis ni ugutwika toni mu gice cyo hejuru cy'umuhogo. Tonsillitis ni ubwoko bwa pharyngitis ikunze kuza vuba. Ibimenyetso bishobora kubamo kubabara mu muhogo, umuriro, kwaguka kwa toni, ikibazo cyo kumira, hamwe na lymph nini nini mu ijosi. Ingorane zirimo peritonsillar abscess.
Acute toxicity: Uburozi bukaze busobanura ingaruka mbi zibintu biva haba kumuntu umwe cyangwa kuva kubintu byinshi mugihe gito. Kugirango bisobanurwe nkuburozi bukabije , ingaruka mbi zigomba kubaho mugihe cyiminsi 14 uhereye igihe ibintu bitangiriye.
Blood transfusion: Gutanga amaraso ni inzira yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu maraso mu maraso. Guterwa bikoreshwa mubuzima butandukanye bwo gusimbuza ibice byamaraso. Guterwa hakiri kare byakoresheje amaraso yose, ariko ubuvuzi bwa kijyambere busanzwe bukoresha gusa ibice bigize amaraso, nka selile yamaraso itukura, selile yera, plasma, ibintu byambaye, na platine.
Transplant rejection: Kwanga guhindurwa bibaho iyo tissue yatewe yangiwe na sisitemu yubudahangarwa bw'uwahawe, isenya ingirangingo zatewe. Kwanga guhindurwa birashobora kugabanywa muguhitamo molekuline hagati yuwaterankunga nuwayahawe no gukoresha imiti ikingira indwara nyuma yo guterwa.
Transverse myelitis: Transvers myelitis (TM) ni indwara idasanzwe ya neurologiya aho uruti rw'umugongo rwaka. Guhinduranya bisobanura ko gutwika kwagutse gutambitse hejuru yumugongo. Igice cya transvers myelitis hamwe na myelitis igice ni amagambo rimwe na rimwe akoreshwa mu kwerekana ibicanwa bigira ingaruka gusa ku gice cy'ubugari bw'umugongo. TM irangwa nintege nke no kunanirwa kwingingo, defisite mukwiyumvisha hamwe nubuhanga bwa moteri, ibikorwa bya urethral idakora neza na anal sphincter ibikorwa, hamwe no kudakora neza kwimitsi yimitsi ishobora gutera ibice byumuvuduko ukabije wamaraso. Ibimenyetso nibimenyetso biratandukanye ukurikije urwego rwanduye rwumugongo. Impamvu nyamukuru ya TM ntabwo izwi. Uruti rw'umugongo rugaragara muri TM rwajyanye n'indwara zitandukanye, indwara z'umubiri, cyangwa kwangiza fibre nervice, kubura myelin. Bitandukanye na leukomyelitis yibasira ibintu byera gusa, ifata igice cyose cyambukiranya umugongo. Kugabanuka kwamashanyarazi muri sisitemu yimitsi irashobora kuvamo.
Traumatic brain injury: Gukomeretsa ubwonko ( TBI ), bizwi kandi nk'imvune yo mu nda , ni igikomere ku bwonko buterwa n'imbaraga zo hanze. TBI irashobora gushyirwa mubyiciro bitewe n'uburemere, uburyo, cyangwa ibindi biranga. Gukomeretsa mumutwe nicyiciro cyagutse gishobora kubamo kwangirika kwizindi nzego nkumutwe na gihanga. TBI irashobora kuvamo ibimenyetso byumubiri, ubwenge, imibereho, amarangamutima nimyitwarire, kandi ibisubizo birashobora kuva kumera neza kugeza ubumuga buhoraho cyangwa urupfu.
Acute and obtuse triangles: Inyabutatu ikaze ni mpandeshatu ifite impande eshatu zikaze. Inyabutatu ya obtuse ni mpandeshatu ifite inguni imwe ya obtuse na bibiri bikaze. Kubera ko inguni ya mpandeshatu igomba kuba igera kuri 180 ° muri geometrike ya Euclidea, nta mpandeshatu ya Euclidea ishobora kugira impande zirenze imwe.
Hospital trust: nIcyizere cyibitaro , kizwi kandi nkicyizere gikaze , nicyizere cya NHS gitanga serivisi zubuzima bwa kabiri muri serivisi y'ubuzima y'Ubwongereza kandi, kugeza igihe zavanyweho, muri NHS Wales. Ibitaro by'ibitaro byahawe inshingano zo gutanga izi serivisi n'ikigo cyita ku barwayi ba NHS none n'itsinda rishinzwe amavuriro. Ikizere cya NHS cyashyizweho n'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubuzima n'ubuvuzi rusange 1990 nkintambwe yambere yo gushyiraho isoko ryimbere.
Acute tryptophan depletion: Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) nubuhanga bukoreshwa cyane mukwiga ingaruka za serotonine nkeya mubwonko. Ubu buryo bwo kugerageza bugabanya kuboneka kwa tripitofani, aside amine ikora nkibibanziriza serotonine. Kutagira ingaruka zigabanya umwuka nyuma ya ATD mubintu bizima bisa nkaho bivuguruza isano iterwa hagati ya serotonine yagabanutse cyane no kwiheba, nubwo ingaruka zigabanya imyumvire zigaragara kubantu bamwe batishoboye.
Tuberculosis cutis orificialis: Igituntu cutis orificialis nuburyo bwigituntu cyigituntu kibaho kumipaka yizuru, umunwa, anus, inyama zinkari, nigituba, no mumitsi yumunwa cyangwa ururimi.
Acute tubular necrosis: Acute tubular necrosis ( ATN ) ni ubuvuzi burimo urupfu rw'uturemangingo twa epiteliyale tugize impyiko z'impyiko. ATN yerekana ibikomere bikabije (AKI) kandi nimwe mubitera AKI. Impamvu zikunze gutera ATN zirimo umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso no gukoresha imiti ya neprotoxique. Kubaho kwa "muddy brown mud cast \" ya selile epithelia selile ziboneka mu nkari mugihe cyinkari ni pathognomonic kuri ATN. Ubuyobozi bushingiye ku gufata nabi ibintu byaguye ATN. Kuberako ingirabuzimafatizo zihora zisimburana ubwazo, muri rusange prognoza ya ATN nibyiza rwose niba impamvu nyamukuru ikosowe, kandi gukira birashoboka muminsi 7 kugeza 21.